The Beef Calf, 



31 



Previous to calving time the ration, especially the bulky part of it, 

 should be reduced and made slightly laxative. Wheat bran, oats, 

 and linseed-oil meal are desirable for this purpose. If the animal 

 is on pasture no special attention to the ration need be given. Dur- 

 ing the winter legume hays should be provided if possible. Use 

 little corn, cottonseed meal, or similar feeds previous to calving. 



If the heifer has been properly fed and cared for up to calving 

 time and has had plenty of exercise she will need no assistance and 

 little if any attention. This is especially true in good weather if 



Fig. 23. — Cows that drop their calves in pasture rarely need attention at the time. 



the cow is alloAved to calve on pasture (fig. 23). It is important that 

 she be not disturbed by other animals. Put her into a grass lot or 

 small pasture, if possible, by herself, away from ponds, streams, or 

 rough, steep hillsides. In winter a well-bedded box stall should be 

 arranged. Do not tie the cow, but give her the freedom of the stall. 

 It is best to keep out of sight as much as possible, only observing 

 her occasionally, to be ready to give any help needed. 



After the calf has been dropped allow the cow to care for it alone. 

 Observe them, however, to see that the calf is soon able to stand 

 and suck. It is important that the calf get the cow's first milk. 



