482 Agricultural Inquiry in Hungary. 



returned as under fallow each year, this having amounted to 

 23 per cent, of the whole arable area in 1871-72, and attain- 

 ing onl}- 12*5 per cent, in 1895. In this respect, however, 

 Croatia and Slavonia have advanced more rapidly ; the area 

 under fallow in these two provinces having amounted to 

 nearly 23 per cent, in 1885, as compared with 17-5 at the 

 same date in Hungary proper, and being now only 12*25 per 

 cent. 



With respect to the area under individual crops, omitting 

 the very small area in the territory of Fiume, for which 

 details are only available for 1895-96, the area under bread 

 grains increased until the period 1890-94, but there 

 was a slight decline during the two years 1895-96; 

 the area cropped in the whole country amounting to 

 11,500,000 acres in 1896, or 41 per cent, of the whole 

 cultivated area (excluding fallow and land unciopped owing 

 to damage by the elements, insects, etc.). Of these grains, 

 in 1896, 8,308,000 acres were under wheat, almost entirely 

 winter wheat, and 2,806,000 acres under rye. The wheat area 

 has gained considerably since 1871, while the rye has some- 

 what fallen off. Of other cereals, barley and oats occupied in 

 1896 a nearly equal area, viz., 2,665,000 and 2,546,000 acres 

 respectively ; these two grains have not exhibited very much 

 change in area of late years. 



The class grouped in the Hungarian returns as " hoed 

 crops," which includes maize, sugar beet, potatoes, and 

 fodder roots, generally exhibits an increase during the period, 

 most marked in the case of sugar-beet — a comparatively small 

 area — and fodder roots ; these two areas having increased, in 

 Hungary proper, by 241 per cent, and 190 per cent, re- 

 spectively between the decade 1870-9 and 1896. Maize 

 covered an area in 1896 in the whole kingdom of 6,047,000 

 acres ; potatoes of 1,244,000, sugar beet of 187,000 and fodder 

 roots of 364,000 acres. 



Artificial grasses and clover also show a large increase in 

 Hungary proper, from an average of 768,000 acres in the 

 decade 1870-9 to 1,927,000 in 1896; the area in the whole 

 kingdom in the latter year was 2,15 1,000. 



On the other hand, industrial crops — rape, tobacco, flax,. 



