88 Explorations and Surveys for the Pacific Railroad. 



the hills should be found, upon careful examination, to admit of 

 such side location as would reduce to that degree the natural 

 grades varying between 90 and 171 feet per mile. Thence to 

 the port of San Pedro the ground is favorable for location. * * 



[The subsequent Eeport referred to above, states that the tun- 

 nel of the Cajon Pass may be avoided, and the whole distance from 

 Fort Smith to San Pedro by the plotted railroad track is 1,760 

 miles instead of 1,892 miles, the length before given. Other dis- 

 tances, and the elevations of some of the passes, are also reduced.] 



Forest growth, furnishing timber of size suitable for ties and 

 lumber for railroad uses, is found in the following localities : 

 continuously on the route east of longitude 97° ; in or near the 

 Pecos valley ; in the Kocky Mountains and Sierra Madre ; in 

 the Mogollon mountains, (south of the route,) in which the 

 Colorado Chiquito and some of its tributaries rise ; on the slopes 

 of the San Francisco mountain ; and continuously, with short 

 intervals, for more than 120 miles ; and on the Sierra Nevada. 

 The distances apart of these points of supply are respectively 

 540 miles, 100 miles, 150 miles ; from the Sierra Madre to San 

 Francisco mountain, 250 miles ; then for a space of about 120 

 miles the supply may be considered continuous ; thence to the 

 Sierra Nevada, 420 miles. * * * 



[The subsequent Eeport, states the expenses of this route as 

 follows : 



From Fort Smith to San Pedro, 1760 miles, $86,130,000 

 From Fort Smith to San Francisco, crossing direct from 

 the Mohave river to the Tay-ee-chay-pah Pass, dis- 

 tance 2,025 miles, 194,720,000] 



Route near the thirty-second parallel of north latitude. — The ex- 

 plorations made upon this route are, from Preston, on Eed river, 

 to the Eio Grande, by Capt. John Pope, Topographical Engi- 

 neers ; from the Rio Grande, near Fort Fillmore, to the Pimas 

 villages, on the Gila, by Lieut. John G\ Parke, Topographical 

 Engineers. From the Pimas villages to the mouth of the Gila, 

 the reconnoissance in New Mexico and California of Major W. 

 H. Emory, Topographical Engineers, in 1846, has been used; 

 and from the mouth of the Gila to San Francisco, the explora- 

 tion of Lieut. R. S. Williamson, Topographical Engineers, has 

 furnished the data. 



Fulton, on the Eed river, about 150 miles from the Mississippi, 

 may be considered the eastern terminus of the route, although 

 the examination of Capt. Pope extends only to Preston, 133 

 miles farther west. A direct line from Fulton to the point on 

 the eastern border of the Llano Estacado selected by Capt. Pope 

 for crossing it, would give more favorable ground than that trav- 

 ersed by him between Preston and this point ; the latter in a 

 distance of 352 miles gives generally easy grades and cheap 



