Mineralogy and Geology. 



277 



shaken or gently heated. It was evidently a very strong brine, for it tasted 

 intensely of common salt, and left on every place on which a drop evapo- 

 rated spontaneously a large quantity of saline residue. On leaving a portion 

 of it for a few hours in a warm laboratory in an open dish, large cubical 

 crystals, exhibiting the peculiar step-like cavernous structure of common 

 salt, separated in abundance. 



Its specific gravity was 1*18812, and on evaporation it gave a total 

 quantity of solid residue amounting to 21856-5 grains in the gallon. 



In the imperial gallon (of 70,000 grains) there were present 10470*439 

 grains of chlorine, corresponding to 17254*27 grains of common salt; 

 the remainder of the saline matter, amounting to 4602*23 grains, con- 

 sisted chiefly of alkaline carbonates, but also contained small quantities 

 of the sulphates and carbonates of lime and magnesia; the smallnes of 

 the quantity of water in my possession prevented the possibility of deter- 

 mining their actual amount. 



To indicate the position of the Lake of Ooroomiah among natural 

 brines, I append a table showing the specific gravities, total quantities of 

 solid residue, and of common salt, in the gallon of several of the mineral 

 springs of Harrogate (analysed by my friend Mr. Northcote and myself 



1 Total 

 Specific residue in 

 gravity, the gallon, 

 in grains. 



Common 

 salt in the 



gallon 

 in grains. 



Authority. 



1-0287 



2870 

 2851 



2660 

 2468 



2174 



1905 



;;;;{ 



1890 



Pfaff, 1839 * 



Laurens, 1839.f 



A. H. and R. Schlagintweit, 



18544 

 Pfaff. 



Schweitzer, 1839.f 

 Pfaff. 





1400 





do. 



1027 

 10315 







A. H. and R. Schlagintweit. 

 do. 



101113 



1096 



866 



Hofmann, 1854.§ 



101045 



966 



803 



do. 



I 00515 



437 



369 



do. 



1-211 

 I 1893 

 I 2044 



17220 

 20157 

 22256 



19392 

 21492 



Marcet. [j 



A. B. Northcote, 1855.«f[ 

 do. 



111812 



21856 



17254 



H. M. Witt, 1856. 



Name of water. 



Seas : — 



The Mediterranean 



do. , 



do. 



English Channel 



do. 



German Ocean at the ) 

 Frith of Forth f 



Baltic Sea at Kiel in ) 

 Holstein ) 



Atlantic 



Red Sea 



Brines : — 



Harrogate Springs. 



1. Old Sulphur well... 



2. Montpelier strong i 



sulphur well. . . ) 



3. Hospital strong 



sulphur well. . . 



Dead Seas 



Droitwit^h brine . . . 



Stoke brine 



Lake of Ooroomiah . . 



* Pfaff, Sehw artze's A llgemeine und specielle Heilquellenlehre. Leipsic, 1839. 

 f Laurens and Schweitzer, Phil. Mag., [3], vol. xv, p. 51. 



% Phil. Mag. for 1855, vol. ix, p. 396, "On the Temperature and Density of the 

 Seas between Southampton and Bombay." 



§ Hofmann. Quart. Journ. of Chem. Soc, vol. vii, p. 161. 

 I Marcet. Nicholson's Journal, vol. xx, p. 25. 

 % Northcote, Phil. Mag. Jan. 1855. 



