124 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
|Feb. 8, 1896. 
Lord Dunraven justifies his withdrawal from the contest on the 
grounds that, he did not have a fair field and a reasonably unob- 
structed course. 
If by "a fair field" he implies any discrimination against him by 
accompanying vessels, we must affirm that he is in error; but from his 
letters we infer that he admits that there was none. 
In the absence of such discrimination, the only reason left for his 
action was the obstructed course, equally objectionable to both con- 
testants. We fail entirely to see that this justified a withdrawal any 
more than any other material difficulty which might arise and which 
might, to the mind of one contestant, spoil the sport. At all events, 
on the day of the last race the physical objection did not exist up to 
the time that Valkyrie withdrew, and it would seem that Lord Dun- 
raven must have been moved by other considerations. 
With a perfectly clear start and every indication of good intentions 
on the part of acoompauying vessels, it seems to us impossible to jus- 
tify Lord Dunraven's conduct, as a sportsman, in not starting and 
sailing the race at least until such time as he had reason to complain 
that his vessel was suffering from interference. 
We have the honor to remain your obedient servants, 
James D. Smith, 
Latham N. Fish, 
J. Frederic Tams, 
GOUVEKNEPR KORTRIGHT, 
A. Rogers, 
J. R. Busk, 
A. Cass Oanfield. 
"the affidavit of Lord Dunraven, on which the case is based, is as 
follows: 5" 
I, Wyndham Thomas Wyndham Quin, Earl of Dunraven and Mount- 
earl, do solemnly and sincerely declare as follows: 
On Aug. 31, 1895, 1 was on board of Valkyrie in the Erie Basin. De- 
fender came into the basin and lay close to us for some time previous 
to going into the dock. That being the first occasion on which I had 
an opportunity of seeing her in smooth water and close to, I observed 
her very closely and carefully noticed her trim, her line of immersion 
and general appearance. I again saw the Defender on Sept. 6, when 
she was in the Erie Basin for the purpose of measurement. 
I noticed at once that the Defender was floating much lighter than 
when I saw her on Aug. 31. I myself carefully looked at the port side 
of the Defender, the starboard side being next the quay and so not 
visible, and I specially noticed an outlet hole about midships, which 
was just cut by the water a little above the base. The hole was rather 
more than an inch in diameter. 
I also distinctly noticed the line of bronze plating and also the bob- 
stay bolt. Mr. Watson was on board the Defender before she was 
measured, and immediately on his return from the Defender he also 
pointed out to me the pipe hole and the bronze plating and the bob- 
stay bolt indicating the flotation line of the Defender. 
Both yachts lay inside Sandy Hook on the night of the 6th and I 
slept on board the City of Bridgeport, which lay a short distance from 
the Valkyrie. About half past 6 in the morning of the 7th September 
I was awakened by Mr. Glennie, who requested me to come up and 
look at Defender. I looked at her carefully through a pair of glasses 
and I was convinced that she was lying deeper in the water than when 
measured. I went in the gig to put Mr. Henderson on board the Da- 
fender as my representative. 
I then inspected the Defender with great care to see whether the 
pipe hole and other marks which I had previously observed were in 
the'same position as when she was measured. 
The outlet hole on the port side was nowhere visible above the water, 
and in my judgment and belief the line of bronze plating and the bob- 
stay bolt were nearer to the water than when she was measured. 
Judging from the fact that the pipe hole was immersed and by the 
position of the' bronze plating and bobstay bolt, I came to the con- 
clusion, which I still believe to be a true conclusion, that the vessel 
was Immersed 3 or 4in. deeper in the water than when she was 
measured. 
I also looked carefully at the general trim of the Defender. She 
was lying true on the water and had no list to port or starboard. 
In forming the aforesaid conclusion I also took into account the 
general appearance of the Defender and her trim in addition to the 
other matters before mentioned. Dunraven. 
Declared before me at 11 Ely place, Holborn. in the county of Lon- 
don, this 10th day of December, 1895. William Jaques, 
Commissioner of Oaths. 
The testimony of Lord Dunraven, when examined by Mr. Choate, 
was as follows: 
Q.— I should like to have you say whether you then believed a fraud 
had been committed on the Defender, or on the part of the Defender, 
on the first day's race? A.— I believed that the vessel was immersed 
deeper in the water. I stated that it was possible or probable that a 
mistake had been made and that all Ihe weight put into the vessel had 
not been taken out. 
Q.— Did you have a realizing sense of the charge that was involved 
in the statement which you made? A.— I quite realized the facts that 
the complaints that I made involved the possibility that some person 
had intentionally altered the w.l. length of the vessel. 
Q. — Did you know what the measurement of her l.w.l. length had 
been on the 6th in the Erie Basin? A. — Yes. 
Q. — Did you know that it was 89 85ft. ? A. — Well, I cannot say now. 
Q. — Well, you knew what it was? A. — I knew at the time. I don't 
know what it was now. 
Q. — Now, it appears by your statement that you complained to Mr. 
Fish on the morning of the 7th that she exceeded that day her meas- 
ured length by about 1ft. ? A.— In my opinion— of course I did not 
calculate it out— the vessel being 3in. deeper in the water, it would 
have made her about 1ft. longer. 
Q —But you did not suppose that that would lengthen her l.w.l. 
more than If t. ? A.— Judging by the eye and roughly calculating, I 
should think about 1ft. 
Q.— You knew it was capable of being definitely and mathematically 
ascertained, did you not? A. — Yes, I should suppose so. 
Q. — But your belief was that some substance or substances to the 
amount of nine or ten tons had been secretly introduced into her after 
she was measured and before you saw her on the morning of the 7th? 
A. — Yes; that a weight of nine or ten tons had probably been intro- 
duced into the vessel. But I should like to say that speaking of 3 or 
4in. of course is more or less vague. I was judging by the eye solely, 
and cannot be tied down to a definite statement that the vessel was 
sunk 3in. It might have been %% or 2J^in. Of course, I was merely 
judging as well as I could by the eye. 
Q.— Well, you have stated in your public statement that on the occa- 
sion of putting Mr. Henderson on board not only that you felt per- 
fectly certain that the Defender was immersed deeper than when 
measured, "but that she was in my deliberate opinion floating about 
4in. deeper in the water than when measured." That is correct, isn't 
it? A. — Yes. 
Q.— Can you describe that otherwise than as an intent to cheat and 
defraud ? A.— Cheat in the ordinary sense of the word, certainly. 
Q. — Was there more than one conversation that you had with Mr. 
Fish on the Valkyrie on the 7th? A.— On this particular subject? 
Q.— Yes. A. — No. 
Q.— Quite sure? A.— To the best of my recollection only one. I don't 
think I alluded to the subject at all again to Mr. Fish. 
Q — Did not Mr. Fish, after you had had your conversation with him 
in the morning, and much later in the day, say to you that it was too 
important a matter to be conveyed by word of mouth? A.— No. 
Q.— What? A. -No, 
Q.— Did he ask you subsequently during the day to repeat what you 
had said? A.— No; not to my recollection. 
Q.— Let me see if I cannot refresh your recollection. Did he not 
take pencil and paper and ask you again to say what you had said? 
A. — No; Mr. Fish made some pencil notes. I think that was at the 
time of the first conversation — the only conversation I had with him. 
Q.— He did have a pencil and paper then ? A — Yes. 
Q.— That was after you had—? A.— I won't say whether it was a 
piece of paper Mr. Fish wrote on or his shirt cuff. I did not agree to 
supply him with any paper, and it may have been a newspaper. 
Q. — What passed between you and him, to your recollection, about 
the paper, and what you wrote on it, or bis shirt sleeve, if it was that? 
A.— I think Mr. Fish asked me if I could give him any paper to make 
a note of what I was saying, but we had no writing materials on board 
the ship. I think Mr. Fish made a note of some kind on, as I say, a 
bit of newspaper or something. 
Q.— He did not do that, did he, until after you had stated to him 
what you had to complain of? A.— Yes; at the time. 
Q.— As you spoke did he write? A. — As we were sitting and talking, 
certainly. It may have been a minute or two after I had spoke, or 
while I was absolutely talking on the subject. There was no lapse of 
time. 
Q._ Do you remember his reading what he wrote? A.— No. 
Q — You don't remember whether he did or not? A. — No, I don't 
think he did. 
Q.— Do you think if you saw that paper you would recognize it? 
A. — No. 
Q._ Or would you know where the paper came from ? A.— No. 
Q.— Did you produce the paper or he? A —I don't think I did; I 
don't know. I think Mr. Fish may have produced it himself, or some- 
body may have given him the back of a letter. Really, I don't re- 
member. 
Mr. A8kwith— Will you produce it? 
Mr. Choate— It is in the possession of Mr. Smith, and it will be pro- 
duced. 
Q.— Isn't it correct to say that it has been stated by you with some 
variation three or four times ? In your statement to day you said, 
('Mr, Fj§h asked me what ? wished tg be done, J said that J wished, 
the committee to put one of their members or some reliable repre- 
sentative on board each of the yachts immediately after the race." Is 
that as nearly as you can recall exactly what you said? A. — Yes. 
Q.— Did you think that nine or ten tons of any material could be 
loaded on board the Defender, after she was measured and before the 
race, without its being known to a very considerable number of 
people? A. —Lead could not be loaded, of course, without its being 
known to a considerable number of people. I presume water might 
be introduced without its being known to a number of people. 
Q.— Did you believe that water had been introduced? A.— I really 
had no opinion as to what was done. 
Q— Had you any intimation from any of your friends or acquaint- 
ances that the Defender at aDy time had, by the use of water ballast, 
accomplished any such thing ? A.— No. 
Q — Now, to come back to the original measurement of Sept. 6. How 
far were you from the Defender? A.— I suppose about 15 or 20yds. 
Q,— The Valkyrie had some lead ballast on the cabin floor, had Bhe 
not, when she was measured? A. — Yes. 
Q. — And that, of course, was not left on the cabin floor during the 
race? A, — No ; it was put below. 
Q— Did you have any representative upon the Defender when she 
was measured? A.— Yes. Mr. Watson. 
Q.— At this time you were satisfied that she was floating consider- 
ably higher than when you had seen her on Aug. 31 ? A.— Yes. 
Q.— Then you were of the opinion that some weights had been taken 
out of her and not replaced? A.— She had been lightened up, yes. 
Q.— Do you know that there is more than one hole on the port Bide, 
one pipe hole? A.— No, there was only one that I noticed. 
Q.— Under the masthead runner? A.— Yes, I shou.d think so. 
Q.— Well, supposing that there are in fact two, did you see two on 
that day? A.— No. 
Q.— You saw only one? A.— I saw but one. 
Q.— And that was about amidships, just cut by the water? A.— Yes. 
Cut by the water a little above the lower edge of the pipe. 
Q.— And it was a hole rather more than lin. in diameter. Now, 
where was this bobstay iron or bolt? A slight depression of the bow 
in the water would considerably change the relation of that bobstay 
bolt to the water? A.— Yes, a depression, of course, would bring it 
nearer the water. 
Q. (by Mr. Rives)— How high above the water was it when she came 
to be measured? A.— I should think 12 or 14in. 
Q —How far was it above the water when you saw her the morning 
ot the 7th, down at the Horseshoe? A. — I should think about 12 or 
14in., but that is, of course, a mere estimate of what the perpendicular 
height would be. 
Q.— What time were you towed down to the Horseshoe on the even- 
ing of the 6th? A — About 6 o'clock. 
Q. — And how far away from the Defender did you anchor or lay ? 
A.— About 200yds. 
Q.— Then, how far away were you when Mr. Glennie woke you up 
and you came on deck and looked out with your glasses? A.— About 
200yds. 
Q —How was the water that morning ? A.— Smooth. Not as smooth 
as it is in the dock. 
Mr. Rives— I have here a statement from the advance sheet of the 
New York Y. C. committee's report,' giving the direction of the wind 
that morning. 
Mr. Choate— You can show that, then ? 
Mr. Rives— Wind, 10:50 A. M., was northeast, and therefore, accord- 
ing to agreement, starting line was shifted from the Lightship, com- 
pass course for going out, east by south. 
Mr. Whitney— You are speaking of different time; earlier in the 
day? 
Mr. Choate— Yes. 
Q.— Do you recollect, with the light now thrown upon it, the wind at 
10:30, how it was at 6:30, and how the water was? A.— The water was 
quite smooth, and I think the wind may have been northeast. How- 
ever, I do not dispute' the facts. As a matter of fact, there was 
scarcely any wind at all. 
Q.— What did Mr. Glennie say when he called you? A.— That the De- 
fender appeared to be much deeper in the water. 
Q.— Was the port side or starboard side then exposed to you; the 
Defender's? A.— The starboard side. 
Q.— Well, with your glasses you did not look for these special marks 
on the bobstay bolt and the pipe and the bronze plating at all ? A.— The 
pipe was on the far side. 
Q.— On the far side? A — Yes. 
Q.— And you didn't have any aid from that? A.— No. 
Q — Did you with your glasses look at the bobstay bolt? A.— I looked 
at the vessel all over, yes. 
Q.— And you could see the marks of the bronze plating; how the 
bronze plating lay on the water? A. — I could see the difference be- 
tween the bronze and the aluminum. 
Q — Then you made up your mind very satisfactorily, did you not, 
that she lay deeper in the water than when she was measured? A. — 
Yes, I felt pretty sure she was. 
Q.— And in your opinion could any judgment be formed — accurate 
judgment— as to that at the distance of 200yds. as She lay in the water? 
A. — I don't think any man looking at the vessel could say certainly, 
more than that she was very considerably deeper. 
Q.— Then for any definite judgment you cannot rely upon the eye- 
sight Jor opinion of any one on board the City of Bridgeport or the 
Valkyrie, who did not approach the Defender more nearly? A. — Not 
as to a definite statement. 
Q,— As to whether the load waterline had been lengthened 1ft. or 
3ft., or whether she had been immersed lin. or 4in. deeper than when 
measured? A. — Oh, yes; I don't quite agree with that. 
gQ. — Did you get any definite statement or opinion from anybody 
else on the Bridgeport or Valkyrie as to how much deeper she was 
immersed than when measured? A. — No. 
Q. — You never could have got one? A.— I don't think so. 
Q — Or how much her load waterline had been lengthened? A. — 
That is a matter that I wouid sooner not put in that way, because I 
have no possibility of saying accurately at all how much the vessel 
was lengthened by every inch of immersion. 
Q. — You have no definite statement from any one on the Valkyrie or 
Bridgeport as to either of these points, how much deeper she was 
immersed or how much her load waterline was lengthened? A. — I 
don't think so. 
Q.— Then your whole statement rests on the general idea that you 
got, and that others might have got, from the distance where they 
were, on the City of Bridgeport and Valkyrie— your whole statement 
rests upon your own observation as you approached the Defender 
with Mr. Henderson to put him on board? A.— I am not Bure whether 
Mr. Ratsey and others, who mentioned it, made any estimate of the 
amount the vessel was immersed or not; but as far as I am concerned, 
if you mean that I mads this complaint that the vessel was immersed 
some 3 or 4in. deeper, I made it on my own observation, yes. 
Q.— And that was when you put Mr. Henderson on board the De- 
fender? A.— I should think very probably not. 
Q.— Your object in going yourself to put Henderson on board was 
to observe narrowly the situation? A.— Yes, partially. I rowed 
under her stern on the starboard side and put Henderson on board on 
the port side, and then, having left him, rowed ahead of the vessel, if 
I remember right. 
Mr. Choate opened the case for Mr. Iselin as follows: 
Mr. Choate— I do not think it requires any opening statement upon 
my part. We shall call several witnesses, we shall satisfactorily dis- 
prove what Lord Dunraven and his counsel have expressed their entire 
inability to prove. They have shed no light upon the statement con- 
tained in this letter, that it was possible for those three separate acts 
of fraud— for those three episodes in one scheme of fraud— to be 
accomplished without the knowledge of the managing owner of the 
Defender. We assert that it is utterly impossible that any such 
thing could have been done without the full knowledge of Mr. Iselin, 
and that any experienced yachtsman must know that perfectly well. 
We propose to prove by the designer of this boat, Defender, on what 
theory and scheme she was built as a competitor, and a successful 
competitor, for the America's Cup. We shall show that she sailed in 
the trial races without any ballast whatever, and that she sailed those 
races as she was designed, and fulfilled the expectations of her de- 
signer; and that, as she bad then been a successful competitor over 
the Vigilant, it was his purpose, as well as the purpose of her owners, 
that she should be prepared and trimmed and ballasted to sail the Cup 
races as nearly as possible as she was upon the trial races. 
After the arrival of the Valkyrie, to carry out ihis plan and expec- 
tation of Mr. Herre8hoff, a great deal that was in her was taken out — 
water tank, waste tank, the trimmings of the cabin, and a great many 
other things that will be described by him and by those who took them 
out— and they were weighed and found to weigh about 7,0001bs. Now 
on consultation between Mr. Herreshoff and Mr. Iselin it was decided 
that as those objects of weight had been to a considerable extent in 
the upper parts of the Defender, 6,0001bs. packed and placed as lead 
ballast down by the keel would be an equivalent and would take the 
place as nearly as possible of the 7,000Ibs. that had been taken out. 
She was taken to New Rochelle, was stripped, as I have said, and 2 tons 
of lead, 42 pigs, I think, were put in her. It was found, b^ 01 "© the 
weighing of what was taken out bad been completed, that the 2 tons 
was not enough to equal what had been taken out, 7,00Ulbs. Accord- 
ingly, when she was to come down to the Erie Basin before measure- 
ment, another ton was purchased to make the 6,0001bs., and 21 pigs of 
lead were bought and ready to ibe put upon her when she came to the 
Erie Basin, and were placed upon her cabin floor immediately over the 
plaee where they were to he finally stowed as ballast, and were on her 
cabin floor when her measurement took place. 
Now, itjg perfectly apparent, tome at least— J do not know wba 
t 
view the committee may take of it— that upon the evidence that has 
been furnished by Lord Dunraven, practically the whole matter rests 
by his observation by eyesight, aided, as it is, by Mr. Glennie's much 
less definite observations by his own eyesight, upon which he hardly 
feels that reliance can be placd. I think we shall show you by satis- 
factory evidence covering the period from the time this yacht 
left New Rochelle until the Sunday when she was remeaaured and 
found to be exactly as she bad been when measured the first time on 
Friday, that this is a mere delusion or illusion on the part of Lord 
Dunraven and his friends, originating possibly from these affidavits of 
the seamen that they saw or heard something going on between the 
Hattie Palmer and the Defender on the night of Sept. 6, until well into 
the morning. There was something going on there. There is no 
doubt about that. It was the preparation among other things, of 
this 21 pigs of lead, which in order to be properly stowed with the 
2 tons that were there before, had to be cut. For the purpose of cut- 
ting them they were carried from the Defender's cabin floor over to 
the deck of the Hattie Palmer, and were there cut and were carried 
back, and were properly stowed below, where they were intended to 
be, and where they finally were when she sailed on her race. I under- 
stand that the only object of this inquiry, as announced by the chair- 
man of the committee, is to determine whether she did sail on the 
race more deeply immersed or with a longer load water line than she 
had when measured. We shall prove incontestable, if any human 
evidence can be relied on, that there is no foundation whatever for 
the charge. We are fortunately able to furnish the closest observa- 
tion and watch upon her, and what went on her during these episodes 
of the scheme of fraud. 
I shall put Mr. Herreshoff on the stand and shall put Mr. Iselin on 
the stand at the outset, and shall afterward, by such a preponder- 
ance of proof, establish this negative, if you please to call it so, to dis- 
prove this charge that has been made, that I think even Lord Dun- 
raven himself will have to withdraw it. We will call Mr. Herreshoff 
first. 
Q —State what your general plan was by which the Defender was 
to be adapted within the 90ft. limit by the deed. 
A. — My design for the Defender's waterline was about 89ft. There 
must be some leeway in case we should want more ballast. I figured 
very carefully to get the whole amount of ballast in one casting in the 
keel. This we were very fortunate in, the casting coming out exactly 
as we intended, and the vessel being very near to the intended water- 
line. In that condition she appeared to have plenty of stability, more 
than seemed to be necessary, and it was decided to increase her sails. 
There was no change in the ballast of the boat from the time she first 
floated until her cabin was taken out previous to the Cup races. 
Q.— How much would her l.w.l. be lengthened by an immersion of 
4in. ? A.— It would be lengthened 32in. 
YACHTING NEWS NOTES. 
Messrs. Reed Bros., of Fall River, have now on the stocks a yacht of 
their own design for A. Homer Skinner, of Fall River. She will be 
44ft. 6in. over all, 30ft. l.w.l., 12ft. 6in. beam and 4ft. 9in. draft, without 
board. The iron keel weighs 6,0001bs. and she will carry l,500sq. ft. of 
Bail. There is a large cabin finished in quartered oak and a stateroom , 
w. c, refrigerator and all cruising fittings. 
George Matthews, of New York, former owner of Culprit, Fay, Car- 
lotta and Republic, is now building a cruising yawl from his own de- 
signs, the work being done by John Coughtree at Mr. Matthews's place 
on the East River. The new yacht will be 40ft. over all,28ft. l.w.l., 10ft 
beam and 6ft. 6in. draft, with a lead keel of 4J^ tons. 
YAMPA'S VOYAGE-II. 
New York to Gibraltar, 1 895. 
Jan. 28. — Kept going under the same sail until daylight; 
then wind shifted to W. by S., which made us dead 
squared before it. Put bonnet on squaresail and downed 
foresail and jib. On deck at 8 A. M. Wind W. by S. 
and very equally. Running dead before it under double- 
reefed mainsail and whole equaresail. Rather a heavy 
sea on. Spent most of the morning aloft helping reeve off 
chafing gear on the different halyards, etc. Found the 
motion aloft entirely different from going aloft "on the 
beach." At noon took sun and made us lat. 35° 12' N. 
A heavy rain squall about noon smothered down the sea 
a bit, but also deadened the wind some. 
Four P. M. Noticed that the bonnet of equaresail had 
chafed a hole by continual rubbing against the forestay. 
Lowered it on deck and sewed on a heavy piece of can- 
vas to prevent any more chafe. At 5 P. M. reset sail. 
Wind now getting very light and sails commencing to 
slat around some. At 7 P. M. were becalmed, so downed 
and furled mainBail to keep it from slatting to pieces, and 
set maintrysail. 8 P. M. wind struck in light from the 
S.W, Sea now all over the shop and we| are only doing 
about five knots. Such a fine night that Teddy and I 
paced the deck until 11:30 P. M. Wind still S.W. and 
very light. 
Jan. 2J h — Kept jogging along all night under maintry- 
sail and squaresail. Wind still S.W. and light. During 
the midwatch a shark had mistaken the rotator of our 
log line for something edible and swallowed it. He also 
bit the line off as clean as you could cut it with a knife. 
Luckily, we had a large stock of rotators on board, and 
had a new one out in a very short time. At 7 A. M. 
another hole was discovered chafed in the squaresail. 
Lowered it down and patched it; then sewed on a lot of 
chafing mats, which did the business. On deck at 8 A. 
M., in time to lend a hand setting squaresail. Took sight 
for longitude this A. M. and worked it out. Wind con- 
tinued very light. 
Jan. 25. — Kept her going under the same sail until 5 
A. M. , when wind struck in from the north. At daylight 
set foretopsail; a fine whole sail breeze. At 6:30 A. M. 
downed maintrysail, shook out reefs and hoisted full 
mainsail. On deck at 8 A. M. in time to help set main- 
topsail. Yampa now under full sail and going fast; sea 
comparatively smooth. Teddy and I took sight for longi- 
tude about 9 A. M. and worked it out. Took a long trick 
at wheel and managed to raise a fine blister on my left 
hand. We had been logging off twelve and one-half to 
thirteen knots an hour all morning. 
Just before noon all hands were rather startled for a 
second by a large whale — a finback — that came up to 
blow not more than 150ft. to leeward, and paid no more 
attention to us than if we had been a piece of driftwood. 
Had a good shot at the sun at noon and made our position 
lat. 36° 33' N., Ion. 42° 53' W. Spent some time aloft this 
afternoon searching the horizon for "chums," but not a 
vessel was in sight. Wind continued steady all after- 
noon, and we were doing twelve and one-half knots and 
standing up like a church. At sunset wind freshened up 
and we clewed up and furled both topsails. Sea also 
picking up some. From noon until 8 P. M. we logged 103- 
miles, an average of twelve and seven-eighth miles an 
hour. Wind started to lighten up after 9 P. M., and kept 
shifting about from N. to N.E. At midnight we had 
hardly steerageway, and at the change of the watch we 
downed mainsail and set maintrysail. 
Jan. 26. — During the early morning we ran into a 
rather heavy sea from the N.E. and had little or no wind 
to back it up. Looked as if it had been blowing very 
hard here from the N.E. a day or so ago. Wind still very 
light and shifting from N. to N.E. At daylight set fore- 
topsail. On deck at 8 A. M., hardly steerageway and a 
heavy sea on. Under maintrysail, foresail and topsail, 
forestay sail and jib. Discovered a chum this morning, a 
barkantine, bound to the westward, with everything set. 
Went aloft with a glass to get a good view of her and 
