May 30, 1896.] 
FOREST AND STREAM, 
New Rochelle Y. C. Opening Race. 
NEW HOOHKLLK— LONG ISLAND SOUND. 
Saturday, May S3. 
The New Rochelle Y. C. did all in its power to open the season with 
a successful race, and but for the calm weather the day would have 
been a most enjoyable one for the many members and guests at the 
new station. The club house (removed last year from Echo Island; 
has been enlarged and improved, and quite a fleet of yachts were an- 
chored off it or fast to the floats. Among the former was the new 
Herreshofl 30-footer owned by Ralph N. Ellis, the first of the class 
seen about New York. The model is, from a passing viewj better than 
the general appearance; the lines in the body of the boat are good, 
the after end shows up well, with better quarters than the older Her- 
reshofl* boats and more shape to the transom, hut the bow has an 
ugly elbow that might just as well have been avoided by allowing a 
little more length on deck and getting rid of the short howsprit, in 
knockabout fashion. The cabin house is particularly ugly and un- 
shipshape, with its very high camber to the roof and its short sides. 
The rig is quite lofty as compared with the 21 -footers. 
The fleet of 15-footers included Question, Gnome, Hope, Willada, 
Two Step, Olita and Paprika, a new Huntington hoat just completed 
for C. Sherman Hoyt, of the Seawanhaka C. Y. C. With the same 
full deckline forward and nearly parallel sides, she differs from Ques- 
tion and Hope In having a round bilgeand a slight tumble home to the 
topsides. The transom is not rectangular, as in the others, but a 
sector of a circle, more like Olita. In appearance she is inferior to 
Question and Hope. She has a large rig, boom and gaff mainsail, and 
an oval cockpit of moderate size. She was sailed by her owner, with 
Mr. Huntington as crew. Imp was present, Mr. Clapham sailing her 
single-handed, but she made no preparation to start, the conditions 
calling for Corinthian helmsmen. Question met with an accident to 
her centerboard pendant, which her crew, after working industriously, 
one under water, was unable to repair; she did not crots the line, 
but sailed over the course. Two Step had the same poor mainsail, 
while Gnome had a handsome new sad of Union silk made by Wilson 
& Griffin, of the same shape as her Herresaoff sail . 
Prizes were offered for larger classes, but the only entries were the 
cats Addie, Niamuck, Gracie and Twilight, the latter really a sloop. 
Owing to the very light wind at 2 P. M. from S.W., all were ordered 
over the course set by the 15-footers, from off Echo Bay, around the 
red buoy on Hen and Chickens, around the Middle Ground Buoy on 
Execution, and home, two rounds making 8}£ miles. Before the race 
was started the club went into commission tor the season, the signals 
being flred and colors set on the flagship Sasqua, Com. Henry Andrus. 
The Daimler launch Irma was on hand to carry the committee and 
others over the courBe. 
The start was made according to the rules of the Y. R. U., the 
larger boats first: 
Twilight 3 02 19 Niamuck., 3 03 02 
Addie 3 05 50 
The 15-footers went away from a single gun at 3:05:05, Two Step 
having a good place in the middle of the line, a little to leeward, but 
clear of all the others, and being first over, Betting her balloon jib. 
Olita was second, then Paprika, .Willada, Gnome and Hope. There 
was a mere breath of air in under Premium Point, though a breeze 
could be seen under Long Island shore and up Hempstead Bay. The 
fleet drifted very slowly, flrst one and then another forging ahead for 
tne moment. At the end of the flrst hour the boats had not covered 
a mile; they rolled about In the light lop, their sails slatting, and in 
the quiet afternoon there was a continual and monotonous "slosh" 
from under the bows of most of them, echoed by a similar sound 
from Imp, following some distance in their wake. 
Gnome finally turned the Hen and Chickens buoy at 4:14:02, and 
with balloon jib set started on a reach for the Becond mark. Hope 
was second, Olita third, Paprika fourth and Willada last, Two Step 
hauling down her jib and taking a line from her launch just before 
the buoy was reacned. The wind headed and made a beat to Execu- 
tion, but at a very alow rate, over an hour being wasted in sailing the 
. \% miles. Paprika took the lead in the windward work, and when 
near the buoy caught a light breeze from the south shore which sent 
her around and off for home at a good pace on a free reach. She was 
timed at 5:24:35, with Hope second, Olita, Gnome and Willada. All 
finished under spinakers after a good run home, the wind freshening. 
The roll was called at the end of the flrst round, miles. The times 
•were: 
Olita... 
Gnome , 
..(.■■•«.... 
8tart. 
Finish. 
Elapsed. 
3 05 05 
5 49 10 
2 44 05 
3 05 05 
5 51 40 
2 46 35 
3 05 05 
5 52 15 
2 47 10 
3 05 05 
5 52.54 
2 47 49 
3 05 05 
5 54 20 
3 49 15 
3 05 05 
Withdrew. 
Did not start. 
3 05 50 
5 50 29 
2 44 39 
3 02 19 
5 50 08 
2 47 49 
3 03 02 
5 54 33 
2 51 31 
Paprika wins a silver loving cup and Hope a pair of marine glasses. 
Addie wins in the larger clssg. The race was excellently managed by 
the regatta committee, Messrs, O. P. Tower, W. N. Bavier, P. A. Mey- 
rowltz, J. R. Thomas and A. P. Weston. 
Ingomar. 
It is always a pleasure to mention good work on the part of a 
builder, and such has been put into the new steel schooner In- 
gomar by the Lawley Co., of South Boston. The contract 
called for the completion of the yacht on May 15, and on 
the morning of the next day the owner, Mr. John D. Bar- 
rett, of New York, with his wife and two daughters, and 
the designer, Mr. H. C. Wintringham, boarded the yacht at Lawley's 
yard for the trial trip. This proved a complete success, the yacht 
working most satisfactorily in every respect; and after the sail the 
party decided to spend the night on board instead of returning to their 
hotel. With the exception of some small changes in the joiner work 
the yacht was completed and ready for commission, except that her 
flags were not on board. The work throughout is of the best, and the 
yacht is an example of what may be accomplished by careful and sys- 
tematic planning on the part of both designer and builder. When she 
was launched the mainmast was hanging at the sheerlegs, ready for 
stepping. It is also interesting to note that the leads of all sheets 
were laid down on the plans by Mr. Wintringham on the basis of simi- 
lar work on Emerald and Shamrock, and on trial no alteration was 
required. . 
YACHTING NEWS NOTES. 
The handsome new house of the Milwaukee Y. C. was formally 
opened on May lfi. 
Mayita, steam yacht, designed and built by C. L. Seabury & Co. at 
Nvack, was launched on May 18 at 3 P. M. The yacht, which was 
built to the order of Louis Bossert, is 85ft. over all, 72ft. l.w.l., 12ft. 
beam and 5ft. draft. She has a composite hull, double planked above 
the water and twin screws. 
Avalon, schooner, built by Ambrose Martin for Herbert Foster Otis, 
of Nahant, was launched at East Boston on May 15. The yacht 
is a duplicate of the pilot boat Minerva, previously built by Martin ; 
but the interior is arranged more in accordance with that of a yacht 
She is 79ft. over all, 66ft. l.w.l., 20ft. beam, 9ft. hold and 10ft. 6in. draft. 
The May meeting of the New York Y. C. was held on May 21, Com. 
Brown presiding. The following amendment to the classification in 
uniformity with that of the other large clubs was adopted: Amended 
rule 1, section 3, as follows: Class IV.— Not over 60 and over 51ft. rac- 
ing length. Class V. — Not over 51 and over^ 43ft. racing length. 
Class VI.— Not over 43 and over 36tt. racing length. Class VII.— Not 
over 36ft. racing length. Another important amendment was laid 
over, that giving the right of representation to yachts of 10 tons and 
over, the present limit being 15 tons. The resignation of H. Maitland 
Kersey was read and accepted. The following members were elected: 
George Cheaterman, Maximilian Agassiz.F. A. Watson, H.R.C. Watson, 
Henry Walters, Lieut. A G.Winterhalter, IT. S. N., F.A.Plummer, C. M. 
Pratt, Pembroke Jones, Nicholas Fish, W. L. Elkins, A. A. Low, Surgeon 
Philip Leach, TJ. S. N. ; H.W.Cannon, Gerard Beekman, C. H. Dodge, F. 
T.HoIder, C. W. Bailey, J. A. Stillman, R. F. Ballantine, John O. H. 
Pitney, John G Heckscher, Miss S. D. F. Day (flag member), Alex. 
Herman, C. 8. Braisted, W. N. Murray, J. W. Fellows and E. M. Lock- 
wood. Rear- Admiral Erben has presented to the club a model of the 
old frigate Potomac. The annual cruise will begin with a rendezvous 
on Aug. 3 at Glen Cove. 
The flrst race of the season in British waters was that of the New 
Thames Y. O. on May 21, from the Lower Hope around the Mouse 
and return to Gravesend, 50 miles. Ailaa carried a single reef, while 
Satanita and Britannia carried full mainsails; all carrying jibheaders. 
The course was a reach in a fresh north wind, and Satanita, with -the 
advantage of 10ft. more waterline, beat Ailsa and Britannia badly. In 
the 54ft. class Saint won, with Niagara second and Penitent third. 
Alda, schr., F. Marlon Crawford, sailed from New York on May 23 
for the Mediterranean. This vessel Is one of the wooden pilot boats, 
Ezra Nye, and was recently purchased by Mr. Crawford. No changes 
whatever have been made in her save the changing of the name to 
Alda. She has been painted and refitted and will be used as a yacht. 
Actffia, schr., formerly a yacht, but for several years In the pilot 
service about New York, has been purchased through Capt. Howard 
Patterson by J. J. Phelps, who will use her for a yacht, She will be 
remodejf*} jn the ends ftncj completely refitted. 
Valiant, centerboard cutter, formerly owned by Berriman Bros., of 
Chicago, has been sold to M. H. Rundell and S. B. Ford, of that city. 
Her mast will be moved aft and her mainsail slightly reduced. 
Messrs. Tarns & Lemoine have chartered the steam yacht Eleanor 
for W. E. Slater to R. F. Ballantine, and the sloop Perl to Theodore C. 
Zerega. 
Puritan, centerboard cutter, is now being altered to a schooner afc 
Lawley's yard, South Boston. She is still the property of J. Malcolm 
Forbes, who also owns Volunteer. It seems never to have occurred 
to anyone that Puritan could be converted into a most excellent 
cruiser by making her into a yawl by a comparatively small modifica- 
tion of her present cutter rig. She is still on the sale list. 
A correspondent asks for the address of builders of the Delaware 
River duoker or ducking skiff; possibly some of our readers from 
about Philadelphia may be able to furnish the information. 
We call attention to the advertisement on another page of the 
Thames Yacht Building Co , of which Mr. Linton Hops is managing 
director and designer. Mr. Hope has already sent out to this country 
several designs from which fast boats have been built. The presence 
of these boats with their fellows of American design adds materially 
to the excitement and interest of the races. The company is prepared 
to f urnish the yachts complete, hull and rig, or the designs alone. 
One of the most valuable additions to the materials for yachts is the 
wire rope manufactured by the Phosphor Bronza Smelting Co., of 
Philadelphia, whose advertisement appears elsewhere. This rope is 
as soft and flexible as manilla. It is used in the sizes from a 3a to Wa., 
on the 15 and 20-footera, for both standing and running rlggiug. ft is 
suitable for all Bizes of yachts and is particularly valuable for center- 
board pendants, bobstays, etc., in places where the best galvanized 
steel wire soon perishes from corrosion or galvanic action. 
The new steam yacht Maria, built to the order of Mr. N. B. Stewart, 
of Torquay and Wemyss Bay. from designs of Mr. G. L. Watson, was 
launched a few days ago by Messrs. Napier, Shanks & Bell, Glasgow. 
She has been built to replace the former Maria (riovr Rhouma), sold by 
Mr. Stewart to Mr. Bullough, of Accrington. The following are the 
dimensions of the new vessel: Length, 228ft. ; breadth, 27ft. 8in.; 
depth, 19ft. 3in., and about 860 tons O. M. The internal arrangements 
of saloons and cabins are similar to those in the Rhouma and in her 
predecessor, May. She is schooner-rigged, with fore and aft sails, 
and square sails on the tore mast. The owner's suite of rooim is at 
the fore end of the dining saloon, each of the rooms being framed in 
light oak and paneled in bird's-eye maple, while the furniture is wal- 
nut. Abaft are the drawing-room and staterooms, and they are fitted 
and furnished in similar style. The machinery is being supplied by 
Messrs. D. Rowan & Sons, and is of power to maintain a high rate of 
speed. The yacht was named by Mr. N. 8. Stewart, Jr., in the pres- 
ence of a large company . — The Field, May 9. 
Steam Yachts and Marine Machinery. 
Complete machinery "outfits" for boat buildars, made b/ Marine 
Iron Works, Chicago. Light draft work a specialty. Catalogue free. 
lifle ^ange mtd §l<tJkrg. 
SOME ELEMENTS OF 
SHOOTING. 
REVOLVER 
Editor Forest and Stream: 
Having noticed in Forest and Stream several queries 
relative to sights and ammunition for target revolvers, I 
take the liberty of giving some information on the points 
in question. 
While all revolvers and cartridges are used more or less 
for target shooting, we generally understand the term 
target revolver to apply in particular to the S. & W. and 
HOLDING. 
Colt's, single action .44 frames, adapted to the .44 Rus. 
model, .38-44 and .32-44 shells, using the various loads 
from gallery to full charges. 
The Russian model cartridge, full charge, contains 
23grs. of powder and a 256gr. bullet. It is capable of 
shooting series of ten consecutive shots into circles of 
1% to 3^in. in diameter at 50yds., 5 to 8in. in diameter at 
100yds., 12 to 18in. in diameter at 200yds., when shot Care- 
ts yto-w. 
a* v ie ., 
SIGHTS AND 8ECTI0N OF LUBRICATING STICK. 
fully from rest from S. & W. and Colt's revolvers having 
6£in. barrels. 
The loads may be varied at pleasure for short ranges 
and light shooting. 
The factory gallery loads are 7grs. of powder and 120gr. 
round and llOgr. conical bullets. 
When fresh this ammunition will generally make the 
following ten-shot groups: From *fc to l*in. circle at 
20yd8. , from 1 to 2in. circle at 80yds. 
The Bhooting of the llOgr. conical bullet is a little the 
more regular of the two and gives fewer unaocountables. 
Other excellent shoot range loads can be made up by 
using the Ideal shoot range bullets of 160 and 175grs. and 
from 10 to 15grs. of powder. With the lighter load of 
powder I prefer the I60gr. bullet, as it has a hollow base 
and "upsets" more easily than the flat base of 17ogrs. 
Using lOgrs, of rifle cartridge powder No. % and the 
160gr. bullet groups of twelve shots are usually gotten in 
circles from A to 1-Jin. in diameter at 30yds., from S| to 
3£in. in diameter at 50yds. 
In stating the sizes of the6e groups I use as data the 
best and poorest groups obtained in a very long series of 
experiments. 
The ,38-44 full charge contains 20 to 23grs. of powder 
and a bullet of l46grs. 
It is not so regular a shooter by any means as the .44 or 
.32-44, principally, I think, because the charge fouls the 
barrel a good deal after the first six shots, and one or two 
of the remaining four are usually the cause of consider- 
ably enlarging the groups. I have always found the ten- 
shot groups much improved by cleaning the barrel after 
six shots, if the rules permit of so doing. It usually shoots 
into circles of six-shot groups from !-£ to 2^in. at 50yds. , 
ten-shot groups from 21 to 4in. at 50yds., 6£ to l2in. at 
100yds., 16£ to 25in. at 200yds. 
A very good short-range charge is made up by using the 
146gr. bullet and 15grs. of powder. This is cleaner than 
the preceding, and generally shoots into circles of 1-g- to 
3in. at 50yds. 
The .38-44 factory gallery cartridge contains 6grs. of 
powder and a round bullet of 70grs. It shoots groups of 
ten shots into circles of -J- to lVo-ha. at 20yds., groups of six 
shots into A- to -ft-in. at 20yds., groups of ten shots into 
to 2in. at 30yds. 
A very , nice short-range charge can be made up by 
using from 9 to 12grs. of powder and the Ideal bullets of 
100 to HOgrs. 
The ,82 44 target cartridge contains llgrs. of powder 
and a bullet of 83grs. It is perhaps as popular as any tar- 
get revolver, the recoil is light, accuracy good, and it does 
not foul the barrel badly. 
It will usually shoot strings of ten shots into circles of 
to 2in. at 30yds., H to 4in. at 50yds., 5 to Sin. at 
iOOyds. 
The gallery charge contains 4grs. of powder and a round 
bullet of 40gr8. It shoots series of ten shots into circles 
of £ to l^in. at 20yds., 1 to 2in. at 30yds., 2\ to 3in. at 
50yds. 
Sights. 
The target sights on the .44 Russian model S. & W., as 
issued from the factory, are known as the Paine sights, 
and consist of a bead front sight and a rear, elevating, 
wind gauge sight, with semi-circular notch. The height 
of these sights as ordinarily issued is the correct elevation 
for gallery ammunition up to 30yds. or so. 
The heavier the charge, the more the barrel is rotated 
upward, and consequently the full charge will be found 
to shoot much too high. When used with gallery sights 
one must have either a higher front sight or a lower rear 
sight. 
The plain rear sight that comes on the barrel catch, 
and is lower than the target sight, will give the proper 
elevation to the full charge when used in conjunction 
with the regular gallery front sight. A better plan, how- 
ever, is to have the revolver correctly sighted for the full 
charge at the factory — that is, have a high front sight 
put on, and then elevate the rear sight the necessary 
amount for the lighter charges, marking the elevations 
on the rear sight once for all. 
The same revolver will not be sighted correctly for 
everyone, for the upward motion of the muzzle is due to 
the point of resistance, the hand, being below the appli- 
cation of the force of recoil; and since the resistance 
varies as one grips the revolver loosely or tightly, each 
shooter must arrange his sights to suit his style of holding 
or gripping the revolver. 
The same remarks concerning the elevation of sights 
apply to the Colt revolvers. No elevating rear sight is 
furnished on the Colt, so you must have various heights 
of front sights which are easily interchanged. Mr. 
Lyman has recently brought out a very good elevating 
front sight for the Colt. Some years ago I designed an 
elevating front sight, and found it all that one could de- 
sire for a target revolver. It is shown in the cut. The 
screw hole in the sight slot is cut into a horizontal slit, D; 
into this is fitted the milled wheel B, which has threads 
cut on the inside; the sight A is then fitted to the slot, 
and screwed up and down at pleasure. I arranged mine 
so that the lowest elevation was suited to the lightest 
charge, the sight being elevated as the charges were in- 
creased — a scale being cut on front of eight, as shown 
in C. 
The .38 44 S. & W. is usually issued sighted correctly 
for the full charge, and one must elevate the rear sight 
for the lighter charges. 
The .32-44 revolver being heavy and the charges light, 
the regular target sights answer pretty well for both tar- 
get and gallery charges. 
Some Hints on Holding-, etc. 
The usual method of grasping the revolver is shown in 
the cut. Nearly all revolver shooters place the thumb in 
the position indicated when using light loads, but some 
prefer to drop the thumb a little lower, so it just touches 
the second finger when firing full charges, believing that 
they have a firmer grip and more control over the recoil. 
The revolver should be held firmly, but not gripped so 
hard as to cause the muscles of wrist or forearm to trem- 
ble. 
It is better to lower the pistol arm slowly than to raise 
it, as it produces less strain on the muscles. While aim- 
ing, the lungs should be filled with a moderately deep 
breath. 
The hardest thing to learn in pistol shooting is to pull the 
trigger smoothly and evenly and have the hammer fall 
without any jerk. This can be acquired only by persist- 
ent practice. 
If possible, get some old revolver and practice pulling 
and snapping it at a mark in your room for twenty min- 
utes or so every day. You will find it a wonderful help 
in learning to pull quickly and evenly. 
The pressure of the trigger should be perfectly steady 
and should be applied directly backward, being very care- 
ful that when the hammer falls the suddenly released 
pressure of the trigger finger is not transferred to the 
revolver, causing a movement at the instant of firing. 
This can be best averted by pulling the trigger with the 
forefinger alone, and not by a squeeze from the whole 
hand. 
The trigger should pull off at a pressure of 2i or 31bs., 
and the pull off must be perfectly smooth — nothing is so 
detrimental to good shooting as a "catchy" pull off. 
Stand firmly on both feet, with the feet slightly apart, 
One's position gbould be upright, but unconstrained ancl 
