NUMBER 40 . 4 1 



Natioual Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100:12213- 

 12228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1635156100. 



Steneck, R. S. 1982. A Limpet-Coralline Alga Association: Adaptations and De- 

 fenses between a Selective Herbivore and Its Prey. Ecology, 63:507-522. 

 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1938967. 



. 1992. "Plant-Herbivore Co-evolution: A Reappraisal from the Marine 



Realm and Its Fossil Record." In Plant-Animal Interactions in the Marine 

 Benthos, ed. D. M. John, S. Hawkins, and J. Price, pp. 447-491. Oxford: 

 Clarendon Press. 



Steneck, R., M. Graham, B. Bourgue, D. Corbett, J. Eriandson, J. Estes, and 

 M. Tegner. 2002. Kelp Forest Ecosystems: Biodiversity, Resilience, and Fu- 

 ture. Environmental Conservation, 29:436^59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ 

 S0376892902000322. Sutton, R. T, and D. L. R. Hodson. 2003. Influence of the 

 Ocean on North Ariantic Climate Variability, 1871-1999. Journal of Climate, 

 16:3296-3313. http://dx.doi.0rg/lO.l 175/1520-0442(2003)016<3296:IOTO 

 ON>2.0.CO;2. 



Thompson, D. J. W., and J. M. Wallace. 1998, The Arctic Oscillation Signature 

 in the Wintertime Geopotential Height and Temperature Fields. Geophysi- 

 cal Research Letters, 25:1297-1300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98GL00950. 



Trites, A., A. J. Miller, H. D. G. Maschner, M. A. Alexander, S. J. Bograd, J. A. 

 Calder, A. Capotondi, K. O. Coyle, E. Di Lorenzo, B. P. Finney, E. J. Gregr, 

 C. E. Grosch, S. R. Hare, G. L. Hunt jr., j. Jahncke, N. B. Kachel, H.-j. Kim, 



C. Ladd, N. j. Mantua, C. Mar/ban, W. Maslowski, R. Mendelssohn, D. j. 

 Neilson, S. R. Okkonen, J. E. Overland, K. L. Reedy-Maschner, T. C. Royer, 

 F. B. Schwing, J. X. L. Wang, and A. J. Winship 2007. Bottom-up Forcing 

 and the Decline of Steller Sea Lions in Alaska: Assessing the Ocean Climate 

 Hypothesis. Fisheries Oceanography, 16:46-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.llll/ 

 ]. 1365-2419.2006. 00408.x. 



Wanamaker, A. D., Jr., S. Hetzinger, and |. Halfar. 2011. Reconstructing Mid- to 

 High-Latitude Marine Climate and Ocean Variability Using Bivalves, Cor- 

 alline Algae, and Marine Sediment Cores from the Northern Hemisphere. 

 Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 302:1-9. http://dx.di)i. 

 org/10. 1016/j.palaeo.2010.12. 024. 



Wanamaker, A. D., K. J. Kreutz, B. R. Schone, N. R. Pettigrew, H. W. Borns Jr., 



D. S. Introne, D. Belknap, K. A. Maasch, and S. Feindel. 2008. Coupled 

 North Atlantic Slope Water Forcing on Gulf of Maine Temperatures over the 

 Past Millennium. Climate Dynamics, 31:183-194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/ 

 S00382-007-0344-8. 



Williams, B., J. Halfar, R. Steneck, U. G. Wortmann, S. Het/inger, W. H. Adey, 

 P. A. Lebednik, and M. Joachimski. 201 1. Twentieth Century 5' 'C Variability 

 m Surface Water Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Recorded by Coralline Algae 

 in the Northern North Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea. Biogeosciences, 

 8:165-174. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-165-2011. 



