PART in.— SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS. 
GENERAL STATEMENT. 
This, the third part of the Annual Report of the Fishery Board, 
deals with the trawling experiments of the ' Garland,' the distribu- 
tion of immature fish, and other scientific inquiries which have 
been carried on by the Board during 1889. An account is also 
given of the scientific and other fishery work carried on elsewhere 
in the United Kingdom, and in the United States, Canada, New- 
foundland, Holland, Spain, France, Denmark, Norway, Italy, and 
Germany. 
The scientific work has been carried out and the scientific 
report prepared by Dr T. Wemyss Fulton, the Secretary for 
Scientific Investigations, acting under the direct instructions of the 
Board. 
During 1889, besides other investigations, the following were 
carried on :— The influence of beam-trawling in the territorial and 
adjacent waters ; the distribution of immature flat-fish and round- 
fish at various distances from shore, and in various depths of water, 
and their capture by different modes of fishing ; the spawning and 
spawning grounds of the food-fishes ; the food of fishes and their 
migrations ; the pelagic ova and the pelagic fauna which provides 
nutriment for the young fishes when hatched ; the cockle beds at 
Barra, in the Hebrides ; the development of the clam, which forms 
a valuable bait, and the development of skates. 
A large part of the above investigations have been made on 
board the Fishery Board's steamer ' Garland,' which is under the 
command of Captain R. E. Simpson. 
It is now generally recognised that an important part of scientific 
fishery work ought to consist in endeavouring, by artificial propa- 
gation, to increase the natural yield of valuable but declining 
fisheries. This principle has been carried into practice by the 
United States Fish Commission to a very large extent, and with 
most encouraging results ; thoroughly equipped hatcheries for sea 
fish and lobsters have been established there for years. A well- 
known hatchery has also been in operation at Flodevig in Norway 
for several years, and was lately reconstructed and enlarged under 
the auspices of the Norwegian Government. By voluntary effort, 
a hatchery has been erected by the Marine Fisheries Society at 
Grimsby, with the view of developing the resources of the great 
English fisheries in the North Sea. Last year the Newfoundland 
