14 



BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES 



August 10. — Air 56°, lake 53°. Tree Point projects far into lake— low, with row of cotton- 

 woods. Is beyond entrance to Thumb Bay. Looking north from Tree Point, farthest point is 

 Tent Point, Halfway Point being indistinguishable, as it does notproject far and is evenly rounded. 

 South from Tree Point one or more gently rounded projections, not worthy of name, then a con- 

 spicuous point completely hiding the shore beyond. This point is fairly bold, the crest of the 

 descending ridge with dense growth cottonwoods. This we call Eagle Point, and there is no stream 

 of importance between it and Tree Point. 



On reaching Eagle Point found it to be a broad projection, one-eighth mile across, with wavy 

 outline, and a southern low sandy point not worth designating. Beyond that the shore recedes in 

 a convex curve to a rather deep bay, across which the triangular green slope of MeadowPoint is 

 seen, bounding the south side of the bay and with a row of trees beyond (i. e., across) the green. 

 A fairly definite, steep, green point bounds the north end of the deep bay (Bluff Point), from which, 

 looking north, only Eagle Point can be seen. One hundred yards outside Bluff Point, Eagle Point 

 and Tree Point are in line. From Meadow Point north Eagle Point projects beyond the rest of 

 the shore line. 



A mile above Meadow Point fish are spawning along shores, with dead fish at bottom, show- 

 ing this has been going on all season, but total number is inconsiderable. This spawning beach 

 runs along a steep mountain side. A small creek, about 3 feet wide, enters middle of beach, and 

 seepages undoubtedly exist. Arrive creek 11.45 a. m., about lj^j miles above Meadow Point 

 Creek. About 500 live fish in lake at mouth. No fish to speak of upstream, although accessible 

 and better bottom than usual. No dead fish in stream. Apparently late run. Eggs in better 

 shape. Temperature 49°. 



Off at 12 m. Around first point above creek, several hundred fish spawning along beach. In 

 bay above, perhaps 200. 



Cascade Creek. Next creek 12.10, one of three at head of south arm. Largest creek yet 

 seen, 10 feet wide, with finer gravels. Fish spawned early, many dead and living. Temperature 

 50°. Contains about 1}4 miles of spawning stretch and is better adopted to spawning than any 

 other stream thus far seen. Materials finer and current less boisterous. Eddies contain many 

 eggs, not one in five alive. Compared with other creeks visited, there are fewer dead salmon. 

 Looks as though run might be relatively late. 



Off at 1.25 p. m. Salmon spawning heavily in fine materials of beach for 200 yards above 

 Cascade Creek and at intervals all the way to O'Malley River. Temperature upper lake 59°. 



O'Malley River is about half a mile long, meandering in an almost level broad valley. Has 

 fine gravels, excellent for spawning; yet, compared with other streams below, it has few fish. The 

 upper lake, seen at first only from the lower end, was apparently 2 miles long. 



A stream [Falls Creek] enters O'Malley River shortly below the lake, with temperature 54°. 

 It carries about as much water as comes out of the lake. Fish running up this stream from O'Malley 

 River, but comparatively few. In 200 yards of this stream counted 677 recognizable dead salmon. 

 Where this stream joins O'Malley River a tally for a brief period showed an average of 3 passing 

 up O'Malley River into the upper lake and 16 passing into the colder stream, Falls Creek. 



Came back down old channel, with many times more dead and living fish. Temperature 55°. 



Dragged boat up the river to O'Malley Lake, and started to head of lake. Stopped at a small 

 creek coming in on west side, half way up lake; temperature 48°. About 200 fish spawning in fine 

 gravel off mouth, but apparently none entering, although stream more favorable in appearance 

 than many we have seen occupied. Many soundings were taken in O'Malley Lake below the island, 

 where greatest depth was 35 feet, about 10 meters, and this was several times repeated. Above 

 island, in middle of lake, depth was 10 feet. 



The inlet at the head of the lake is a small sluggish creek, perhaps 12 feet wide and 6 to 12 inches 

 deep, meandering through a nearly level bottom. It is only a short distance to impassable falls. 

 Saw very few fish, no dead ones, except along the banks, fragments partly devoured by bears, 

 temperature 50°. Probably not more than 100 or 200 salmon in this stream. The whole lake 

 seems useless as spawning ground. 



Returned to shore of Karluk Lake at 5.35 p. m. Temperature of O'Malley River near mouth 

 54°. Another stream (Canyon Creek) enters Karluk Lake within 100 yards of O'Malley River. 

 Same character — wide, gently flowing over fine gravels — an ideal spawning stream. Temperature 



