GREAT LAKES COREGONIDS 



477 



Leucichthys cisco huronius Jordan and Evermann, 1911, pp. 12-13, fig. 6, PI. II, Lakes Michigan, 

 Huron, and Erie. 



Argyrosomus tullibee Evermann and Smith, 1896, pp. 320-322, pi. 28, Lake of the Woods (possibly 



also Salmo (Coregonus) tullibee of Richardson, 1836). 

 Leucichthys tullibee Jordan and Evermann, 1911, pp. 32-34, figs. 17 and 18, Winnipeg Basin. 

 Coregonus tullibee bisselli Bollman, 1889, p. 223, Rawson and Howard Lakes, Mich. 

 Argyrosomus tullibee bisselli Evermann and Smith, 1896, p. 322, lakes of southern Michigan. 

 Leucicthys artedi bisselli Jordan and Evermann, 1911, p. 20, fig. 10, lakes of southern Michigan. 

 Argyrosomus eriensis Jordan and Evermann, 1909, pp. 165-167, fig. 1, Lakes Erie and Huron. 

 Leucichthys eriensis Jordan and Evermann, 1911, pp. 20-22, fig. 11, Lakes Erie and Huron. 

 Argyrosomus huronius Jordan and Evermann, 1909, pp. 167-169, fig. 2, Lakes Erie and Huron. 

 Leucichthys manitoulinus Jordan and Evermann, 1911, pp. 31-32, fig. 16, North Channel of Lake 



Huron. 



Leucichthys ontariensis Jordan and Evermann, 1911, pp. 13-14, fig. 7, Lake Ontario. 

 Leucichthys supernas Jordan and Evermann, 1911, pp. 22-23, fig. 12, Lake Superior. 

 Leucichthys macropterus Bean, 1916, pp. 25-26, Lake Erie. 



The type specimen is not extant. The species was described as Coregonus 

 artedi, the herring salmon, from "Lake Erie and Lewiston, upper Canada," by 

 LeSueur in the May, 1818, number of the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences 

 of Philadelphia. A second species was described by LeSueur in the same publica- 

 tion under the name Coregonus albus, "Lake Erie whitefish," but this form was 

 distinguished from artedi in no other characters than in being less fusiform, deeper 

 bodied, in having the back elevated from the nape to the dorsal fin, and "the pro- 

 portions much stronger in body, fins, and scales"; and though a figure was given 

 of what may be taken for a herring, apparently drawn from memory, there is nothing 

 about this figure to indicate that LeSueur had the true whitefish in mind. No 

 specimens on which were based the descriptions of either species are known to exist, 

 and the practice of ichthyologists has been to attach the name artedi to the Lake 

 Erie herring and to call the Lake Erie whitefish albus. This procedure does not 

 take into consideration the fact that Lewiston is on the Niagara River below the 

 falls and that any herring taken from that vicinity probably would not be the com- 

 mon Lake Erie type, and lets the fact that LeSueur called his albus the "whitefish" 

 outweigh the considerations of his having failed to point out in his description or 

 to indicate in his drawing the striking difference in the position of the mouth of 

 the whitefish as compared with that of the herring. If, on the other hand, we as- 

 sume that LeSueur got a Lake Ontario herring at Lewiston and then a herring from 

 Lake Erie (which, by the way, was obtained much more easily in the early days 

 than the whitefish), his descriptions are applicable, especially if by "stronger pro- 

 portions" (by which he distinguishes albus from artedi) he meant greater depth of 

 body, longer fins, and larger scales. According to this view, then, the Lake Ontario 

 shallow-water herring, which also occurs sparingly in Lake Erie, is the type race of 

 artedi, and the name albus may be used for the common Lake Erie race and for the 

 deep-water race that is known to exist in the western waters of Lake Ontario and 

 elsewhere. 



The lake herring is the most widely distributed and the most variable species of 

 Leucichthys in the Great Lakes Basin. The range of variations lies between the 

 slim terete herring of Lake Superior (an extreme of the artedi type) and the deep, 



