122 
FOREST 'AND « STREAM. 
[Aug. 11, 18W. 
The Bell— Martin sLCase. 
Editor Forest, and Stream: 
I have no intention of replying to Mr. George Bell's self- 
condemnatoiw letter in your last issue. A reply to such 
an acknowledgment of wrongdoing is unnecessary, but 
there are certain perversions of the truth which call for some 
counter-statement. 
The facts regarding the Consequence sale are very few. 
They are as follows: Mr. Bell advertised a number of dogs 
"to be sent on approval," buyer to pay carriage both ways if 
not accepted. Mr. Martin got one of the circulars and 
bought Consequence with the additional proviso of a guaran- 
tee an whelp. The dog arrived in San Francisco within a 
week or so of being due to whelp, showed no signs of being 
in pup, was at once submitted to veterinary examination to 
prove whether or not she had slipped her puppies or was yet 
in whelp. The veterinary said no and the consignor was 
notified that the goods were not as represented nor as per 
contract, whereupon he declined to accept a return of Con- 
sequence and repudiated his published conditions to send on 
approval. In that state it was presented to the A. K. C. last 
September, Mr. Martin's charge being that of dishonorable 
conduct. 
In consequence of absence from the city and country of 
several members of the advisory committee, the case was not 
tried until May last with the result that the accused was 
suspended for one year 
In the letter published last week Geo. Bell says, "The A. 
K. C. decided that the charge was not sustained and it was 
dismissed, and I was then held to be justified in the course I 
had taken." 
That is a wilful perversion of the truth; the sentence was 
imposed for the reason I have stated. It has been sought 
by some of Bell's misguided friends to have the public be- 
lieve he was punished for the substitution of Rejoice for Con- 
sequence and thereby brought to the bar to face charges, 
copies of which he had not been presented with. There is 
not the slightest foundation for any such statement. The 
fact of the change of dogs was brought out in the taking of 
the testimony and Mr. Bell was asked why he had not offered 
to correct the error. He had nothing to say, but left the 
question unanswered. The idea of putting forward "my 
solicitors" had not occurred to him then. Mr. Bell was ad- 
vised of the substitution or mixing of the two terriers by 
Mr. Hopkins during the Toronto show. But it was not for 
long afterward that he asked Mr. Mortimer at Hempstead 
to write and advise Mr. Martin, pleading as his reason for 
asking Mr. Mortimer that he was in a great hurry and had 
not time to write. This request was probably the outcome 
of a well known fox-terrier breeder declining curtly to have 
any dealings with Bell or sell him a single dog. Facts are 
all that are necessary in this case to demonstrate very clearly 
that the only mistake the advisory committee made was that 
of not making the penalty one of three years at least. 
James Watsok. 
New York, Aug. 3. 
The Big and Little Kennels and Field Trials. 
Editor Forest and Stream: 
There are important facts not touched upon by the champ- 
ions of the big and little kennels in this controversy. I will 
try and make it plain to both sides, One is an assistance to 
the other. 
The small kennel owners start out with the assertion that 
they cannot compete with the large kennels at the field trials. 
This is a mistake. We will first take Mr. Lorillard's kennel. 
He has been a large purchaser from the small kennels, pur- 
chasing all or nearly all his winners, Count Anteo, Lora, 
Miss Ruby, Bot Rogers, Rod's Sue, Ightfield Rosalie and 
others from the small kennels. 
I think I am not far wrong when I state the Blue Ridge 
Kennel also purchased all their winners, paying big prices to 
the small breeders for Fannie M., Hope's Mint, and the Derby 
winners Bessie Shoupe and Allene, besides paying $2,000 for 
Antonio, and long prices for their stud dogs and brood bitches, 
and all to the small kennels. 
Mr. J. Shelley Hudson paid $1,000 for the Bohemian Girl, 
§750 for Gladstone's Boy, when the latter was nine years old, 
and big prices for others in his kennel, and all to the small 
breeders. Mr. Damon, to add pointers to his select stock of 
setters, paid $1,000 for Strideaway in his puppy form, and 
good prices for bitches to mate with him — these coming from 
the small breeders. Mr. Dexter also makes purchases from 
the small breeders. Mr. Avent, who has been longer in the 
business than any other large breeder, had to resort to pur- 
chase to obtain Novelist, Topsy's Rod, Count Gladstone and 
others— all from small kennels. 
It will be seen, therefore, the large kennels are the best 
patrons the small kennels have. After selling the pick of 
their dogs, some of the small kennel owners cry out they 
cannot compete against the larger kennels. If I were a 
breeder, instead of crying out against the large kennels, I 
would want a dozen where there is one, as the demand from 
the large kennels has made possible prices that dogs would 
not have sold at unless the large kennels wanted them. 
Even after the small kennels have sold their best dogs to the 
large kennels, if any one will take the percentage of entries 
in the field trials made by the large and small kennels, it will 
be seen the small kennels have the greater percentage of win- 
nings to their credit. I am satisfied the trainers and the 
small kennels get more out of the big kennels than their 
owners do. This fact is so apparent that some of the large 
kennels tell me it is cheaper to purchase a dog with a repu- 
tation from the small kennels than it is to make one, and do 
not run dogs in consequence. There are other causes which 
I will briefly state that have caused the diminution of entries 
to the field trials this year. 
The general depression of the times has affected every spe- 
cies of property, dogs being no exception, though I think they 
are better property than some that is considered "staple." 
We find Jersey cattle will not sell for one-half they did two 
years ago. Trotting and road horses not for half. The 
"staple" farm horses, that sold in this market two years ago 
for $75, will not now command over $35. The man that raises 
them out West does not get over $10 for them. I see there is 
contemplated, the price of this class of horses being so low, 
the establishment of an abattoir in a Western State for the 
purpose of getting rid of the 1,000,000 surplus horses in three 
Western States that will not bring $10, the horses to be 
slaughtered, their hides used for leather, their manes and 
tails for hair mattresses, their hoofs for glue, their flesh and 
bones as fertilizers, the latter to be used by the farmers to 
assist them in growing more wheat, that sold for double two 
years ago what it commands to-day. Every breeder of dogs 
has an abattoir of his own connected with his kennel, the 
larger the kennel the greater the slaughter, the executioners 
being distemper, worms and other kindred dog diseases, 
these dog-destroying angels are so severe on dog life. I 
know of a breeder that has not raised a single setter puppy 
to be a year old in three years, though he had dozens 
whelped, and a friend writes me for my advice about import- 
ing a setter whose get will not all die with worms and dis- 
temper. Another friend owning hounds tells me he lost this 
year by distemper twenty of about one year old, and all the 
young dogs he had. Were it not for this abattoir that is 
connected with all kennels, dogs would be thicker than leaves 
in Vallambrosa, notwithstanding owners resort to all the 
safeguards known to raise their youg dogs. 
There is another cause that I have thought would come, 
and the depressed times has caused its operation to be felt 
sooner than otherwise if times were good. The average 
trainer charges $100 to train and run a dog in the trials, and 
the dog's winnings. A man wishing to run a dog in the 
Derby, pays $50 for a puppy, and $10 more to some one to 
raise the puppy old enough to be sent to the trainer. As one 
pup in three lives to be old enough to start in a Derby, the 
puppies started will average $150. The owner pays entrance 
in three field trials, $90, and his part of the trainers' expen- 
ses to and from the trials, $10, thus the owner will have paid 
out $250 to $350 for starting a dog in these Derbys. This is 
a losing game, even if the dog proved to be a winner; if a 
loser, and only one entry in twenty wins, he would be still 
a greater loser, as a dog unplaced would not sell for as much 
as a winner. The owner of a winner has only the reputa- 
tion and the dog. Many such winners have not proven suc- 
cessful sires, and may never bring what an owner knows 
he has to pay out. With the hope of winning out, many 
more entries would be made. This winning may be a diver- 
sion, but many court Dame Fortune, hence this goddess 
has many votaries, and has ruined many men, but 
for every one ruined, a dozen stand ready to take 
his place. I do not know of any trainer who is a bondholder. 
There may be some who claim the trainers assisted in kill- 
ing the goose that laid the golden egg. I have no censure 
for the trainers; they are like the rest of us, they wanted all 
they could make out of it. The price for training is like all 
other business, the supply and demand will, in time, regulate 
that. If the small kennels still think they cannot compete 
with the large kennels at the trials, the field trial clubs can 
do as the racing associations do, allow any man to make as 
many nominations in any Derby or stake as they wish, but 
restrict the starters to two from any man or stable in one 
stake. Some small kennel owners may say the large kennels 
would make several nominations in a Derby, and pick two 
of their best dogs to compete. Let us look back and see how 
the owners and handlers succeeded in picking the winners 
previous to the trials. 
The Memphis and Avent kennels were as much surprised 
as the public, who had a tip of the workings of the dogs 
Roderigo and Rebel Windern before the trials, when Roderigo 
won first, Rebel unplaced. Mr. Tucker was surprised when 
Paul Gladstone beat Gladstone's Boy. He did not think 
Count Anteo classed with Lora and Miss Ruby. He beat 
both in the Derby. He did not think Miss Ruby would win 
first over Antevolo last year in the East, but she did it. Mr. 
Rose did not expect Wun Lung to beat Hope's Mark at the 
Southern, but he did. Mr. Avent was as much surprised as 
I, when Chevalier beat Count Gladstone at Bicknell last 
year. The Manchester Kennel owners were surprised when 
Gleam's Pink beat Gleam's Sport at the Southern last year. 
I could go on and cite many more instances where owners 
and handlers failed to pick the winners of their teams in 
advance. 
This year the stakes have been necessarily reduced by the 
field trial clubs, the Southern reducing the starting fee in 
proportion to the^reduction in the stakes. With the return 
of better times many are predicting the adjustment of inter- 
est to the new order of things. With more perfect under 
standing between the large and small kennel owners, I see 
no reason why field trials cannot be run successfully and the 
value of dogs enhanced, but no one need expect the high 
prices dogs have sold formerly for, neither need we expect 
any other kind of property to bring the higher prices that 
have prevailed. P. H. Bryson. 
Memphis, Tena., July 20. 
Curious Psychic Manifestations. 
Editor Forest and Stream: 
Some months since a correspondent related in your 
columns the peculiar behavior of his bitch, the animal act- 
ing as if she had whelped and guarding a spot in the kennel 
as if she had a litter there. He wished to know if others had 
witnessed any such extraordinary behavior in dogs. 
I presume he had read the announcement that sometimes 
appears just under "Kennel" in your paper: "All those who 
love a dog because it is a dog * * * are invited by the 
editor," etc. I noticed that no reply appeared to this inquiry 
which I thought strange, as it is difficult for me to believe 
that among the many readers of Forest and Stream similar 
observations have not been made. 
At the time and until recently I have been too much oc- 
cupied to give any of my own observations; but as it seems 
to me such matters are really among those of greatest inter- 
est to those who "love a dog because it is a dog," I submit 
the following facts: A great Dane bitch of mine, though 
unserved by any dog, about the very day when she would be 
due to whelp, calculating from the date when she should 
litter if she had been served, made a nest of the ordinary 
straw litter at one end of the bench on which she in common 
with several other dogs slept; and for two or three days kept 
possession of this and acted much as if she had a litter of 
puppies there. She had considerable milk in her teats, but 
there was no enlargement of the belly or other signs of preg- 
nancy. 
One of my English setter bitches that was so fond of 
maternal duties that she was almost always ready to adopt 
puppies and try to care for them, on one occasion, though 
unserved by a dog, enlarged very considerably, and at about 
the correct date from being in season acted as if she had 
whelped — indeed there was escape of fluid as in actual 
parturition, etc., etc. She had also abundance of milk and 
seemed much disgusted at the absence of puppies. Spurious 
or false pregnancy is not unknown, even in the human sub- 
ject, but such a case so closely imitating true parturition is, 
I am inclined to think, extremely rare in any animal. 
The following case has been communicated to me by a 
good observer of several kinds of animals. A doe rabbit 
that had never been near a buck, that had moreover never 
been hutched with one of her own sex (imitation therefore im- 
possible) was observed to carry about bits of bedding in her 
mouth after the manner of pregnant does about to litter, and 
even to line the nest with down from her own body. The 
nest was soon torn to pieces, as there was no tangible result 
of course. Later this doe was bred to a buck of her own 
variety and duly littered, but on that occasion took much 
less pains to form a nest. 
These things, though wonderful, are not wholly inexplic- 
able. The better the course of affairs in the universe is un- 
derstood the more clearly is the law of periodicity or rhythm 
seen to operate in all things. The phenomena referred to 
seem to me to fall under this law. 
Wesley Mills, M.D. 
McGill UMVERsrry, Montreal, Can. 
The Kent Elgin Entry in S. F. T. Club. 
Editor Forest and Stream: 
In Forest and Stream of July 28, appears an article from 
B. Waters in "Points and Flushes" on "Clubs and Entries." 
In this article Mr. Waters uses a letter from T. T. Ashford, 
of Birmingham, Ala., in order to attack "The Southern 
Field Trial Club." It is to Mr. Ashford's letter that I shall 
reply, and in doing so, I beg the indulgence of the readers of 
your paper, as I despise controversies of this kind. 
In 1891 the Southern Field Trial Club abandoned the run- 
ning of a pointer stake with a guaranteed prize, as the clnb 
had lost money on every one they had run. At the same 
meeting the club agreed to run a pointer stake on the 
"sweepstake" plan, provided six pointers filled. They also 
passed this resolution: "When an owner shall have entered 
his dog in the Pointer Stake, and had him prepared to run, 
and brought to the trials, he shall have the right to start 
said dog in the All-Age stake, on payment of last forfeit, Jf he 
so desires." 
Mr. Avent sent me the entry of Kent-Elgin in 1893 on the 
same entry blanks on which he entered his other dogs, 
Kent to be entered in the Pointer Stake. It being on the 
same entry blank with his setters, I did not notice it when 
the list of entries was sent to the papers, nor, in fact, until 
Mr. Avent called my attention to the matter. Mr ; Avent 
sent in payment of the entrance money on Kent-Elgin, a 
note for $25, drawn by A. W. Bealer, and made payable to 
T. T. Ashford, due some time after the entries closed. This 
note was paid through the banks. Mr. Avent asked as a 
favor that I accept this note in payment of the entrance 
money, as Mr. Ashford was a friend of his, and said if the 
note was not paid he would pay me. 
Mr. Avent wrote me in January and asked me if I thought 
the Pointer Stake would fill; I wrote him I could not tell 
and also wrote him that the dog could go into the regular 
All- Age Stake. When I reached New Albany he asked me 
about the matter and I told him the rules of the club; he 
put the dog into the stake. When Mr. Ashford wrote me 
about the matter he did so in a very abrupt way, and de- 
manded the return of the $30 and threatened to expose the 
club if his demand was not complied with. I gave him the 
above facts, declined to ref und'the $30 and told him that if 
he desired to take the matter before the public I felt sure 
that I could take care of myself. Without consultation with 
Mr. Avent, I am certain that he will corroborate the above 
statement. Mr. Ashford wrote me in regard to this matter 
some time in the spring or early summer; I asked him to 
carry out his threat if he desired. He well knew that the 
statement made him could be proven and to make the 
charges which he threatened to make would do him no 
good if he made them at that time, so he waits until the 
last issue of the paper before the entries to the Derby closed 
and then through the help of Mr. Waters jumps on the 
club, giving them no chance to prove his assertion false 
before the entries would close. 
The above is a plain statement of the facts. He says he 
has an abundance of proof in black and white. I want to 
say that I have the record for all that is written. 
T. M. Brumby, Sec'y-Treas. of S. F. T. C. 
Marietta, Ga„ July 81, 
Toronto Dog Show. 
THE premium lists of the Toronto Industrial Exhibition; 
Association dog show, to be held at Toronto, Sept. 10 to 14, 
are now ready for distribution, and can be obtained by ad- 
dressing the secretary, C. A. Stone, 82 King sty E. Toronto. 
The list is very complete, over $3,000 being offered in prizes 
and 172 classes being provided with a promise that should 
five of any other recgnized breed be entered, additional 
classes will be made; also classes made for dogs and bitches; 
will be divided if five or more are entered. 
Mastiffs and St. Bernards are given $15 in challenge classes- 
and $15, $10 and $5 in open classes; also novice and puppy 
classes for St. Bernards and novice class for mastiffs with 
prizes of $10, $5 and diploma. Pointers, all setters and collies,, 
get $15 and diploma in challenge classes and $15, $7, $3 audi 
diploma in open , with novice classes having $10 and $5. Those- 
breeds receiving $10 and diploma in challenge and $10, $5 andl 
diploma in open are Great Danes, wolfhounds, deerhounds;, 
greyhounds, foxhounds, bull-terriers, bulldogs, beagles,Irisb„ 
Dandie, Scottish, black and tan and Yorkshire terriers, pugsj, 
toy spaniels, Italian greyhounds and poodles. Spaniels have 
classification No. 1. Field and cocker spaniels get the 
lion's share of the money with $10 and diploma in chal - 
lenge and $10, $7 and $2 and diploma for the former and $10, 
$7, $3 and diploma for the latter in the open division. Fox- 
terriers get $10 and diploma in challenge and $10, $5 and $3. 
and diploma in open classes, and in addition, puppy and. 
novice classes with $7, $3 and diploma and $10, $5 and diploma*, 
respectively. Other breeds not mentioned above get $10, $5» 
and diploma in open classes. 
The fox-terriers and spaniels are well looked after in the 
way of specials, the Canadian Fox-Terrier Club repeating 
their generosity of last year. The collie specials are also well 
worthy of notice. 
Kennel prizes of $20 are offered for mastiffs and rough and. 
smooth St. Bernards and $15 kennel prizes for bloodhounds*, 
great Danes, pointers, English, Irish and Gordon setters*, 
collies, bulldogs and bull-terriers; $10 kennel prizes for Kma- 
sian wolfhounds, Scotch staghounds, greyhounds, foxhotund!^ 
black and tan terriers, poodles, cockers, spaniels, beagltes, 
fox-terriers and pugs. The very handsome bronze med/al of 
the Association, valued at $10, is offered as a kennei prize for 
Irish, Dandie Dinmont, Bedlington, Scottish and Skye ter- 
riers, red cockers and dachshunds; also for Canadian ken- 
nels' and best dog and bitch, Canadian bred, when offered. 
Handlers' prizes of $40 to first, $20 to second are given. 
The Association offer their silver medal, value $20, for 
the largest entry made by one exhibitor; also a bronze medal \ 
is offered for the exhibitor making the highest winning, 
average. 
The entry fee is $3 and the entries close Wednesday, Aug. 20.1 
As this will be the only show in Canada this fall, it should! 
be well supported for various reasons. The public, auej 
reminded that wins will count both with the A. K. Gi, an<J 
the C. K. C. Atttention is also drawn to the passenger rates 
and to the railway land express companies' arrange ments,. 
which we have already published. 
Moral Sense in Dogs. 
Prof. Lloyd Morgan recently published an essay on. vh& 
limits of the intelligence of animals, and he asserted that 
mnch of their intelligence is gained from experience, bat de- 
nies them reason on the ground that they are incapable of 
moral judgment. It is difficult to imagine how any student 
of animal nature could have arrived at such a conclusion; 
To deny a moral sense in dogs or horses, dogs particularly,, 
is almost to deny the same quality in man. Who thati'is- 
familial with dogs will venture to say that they do not know, 
right from wrong? 
As a familiar instance of one phase of their moral' sense;, 
one that will appeal to most people who admit their dogs to> 
familiar companionship, take the case of a dog who has beem 
corrected for some misdoing, such as lying upon a certain 
chair or lounge. In the absence of the master or mistress 
the dog will make himself comfortable in the forbidden 
quarters, and directly he hears his mistress's footstep will 
jump down and try to appear innocent of the guilty act.. 
He knows he has done wrong. 
What higher evidence of this moral sense need we have- 
than a sacrifice of his own convenience to the good of his : 
kind or to some individual to whom he is attached? There 
have been many authenticated instances where dogs have, 
sacrificed their lives in an endeavor to save human beings.;. 
If the dog did not feel it his duty to exert that influence, andl 
thus show his moral sense in the highest degree, he wouldl 
be content to seek his own safety. 
The dog is not endowed with the foolish pride that insti- 
gates many men to do acts of bravery unnecessarily; a- dog 
will often flee from danger in which he alone is concerned, 
but which he will face to the last extremity for some one to 
whom he is attached. Dogs have often shown that they have 
this capacity for self-sacrifice as a governing motive where 
men have often failed. Such sacrifice surely proves that they/ 
have a moral sense in the highest degree. Dogs have been, 
known to meet death in the flames of a burning house in their- 
endeavor to save life, or call the attention of those dear to« 
them to their danger. The instinct of self-preservationi 
would naturally impel them to seek their own safety, but the- 
possession of a high moral sense forbids such an act. Chilt- 
dren and others have been saved from drowning, times with 
out number, by dogs; and while swimming, perhaps far from 
known aid, what prevented them from leaving their charge 
