S30 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
[April 27, 1895. 
ANGLING NOTES. 
SPRING FISHING. 
Trout fishing in "Western New York will be late this 
year, if one accepts the statements of fishermen as they 
meet one another on the street, or congregate to talk over 
the prospects of the fishing season, which ">eems near at 
hand when the 1st of April has arrived, and it will be 
later than last year— which was exceptionally early, but 
if one consults his journal, provided he keeps one, it will 
be found that the prospects are about as they average oh 
the borders of the Adirondacks. 
The ice in Lake George has for many years been the 
index by which I have determined whether the season 
was early or late. 1 have also kept a record of the dates 
when the ice has disappeared from certain lakes in the 
Adirondacks, in New Hampshire and in Maine, but the 
Lake George record is the more complete, and extends 
over a greater number of years. Last year the ice en- 
tirely disappeared from Lake George on April 1, the 
earliest date known to any living man, but on March 25 
the broad lake was open so that a man rowed a boat 
across the lake from Kattskill Bay to Bolton. 1 his year 
I went to Lake George on March 26 on the State fish-car 
"Adirondack," which was loaded with 500,000 lake trout 
fry from the Caledonia hatchery, and on that date there 
was twenty inches of ice, where a year before there was 
open water. With last year in mind, fMiermen speak 
of this season as pretty late. Doubtless the ice will be 
out of Lake George before the first day of May, wnen 
the lake trout season legally opens. In 1893 the ice went 
out on April 29. In 91, on the 18th; in 88, on the 9th; in 
'87, on the 30th; in '86, on the 16th; in '85, on the 24th; 
in '83, on the 28th of April. Because of the early season 
last year, the Legislature has been petitioned to open the 
lake trout fishing on April 15 in Lake George, and this is 
perhaps a fair example of the attempts constantly made 
to enact special laws that are productive of no especial 
good to the fishermen, and only make the code of game 
laws a piece of patch work which is confusing in the ex- 
treme. 
If laws are to be passed for each changing season, and 
to suit the fancies of those who fish each particular lake 
on mill pond in the State, the code will fail in its 
purpose. 
It is given as a reason for opening the fishing in this 
lake on April 15 that the trout come to the surface and 
go down again before the season legally opens on the 
1st of May, but last year there was good surface fishing 
on the 1st of May and after. During the twelve years 
last past, the ice has gone out of the lake on or before 
April 15, only on four occasions, including last year. 
The other years it disappeared as follows: In 1892, on 
April 7 (so remarkably early as to be subject for news- 
paper comment, and caused the oldest inhabitant to 
brush up his memory) ; in 1890, on April 14; and in 1889 
on April 12. In '92 illness prevented me from fishing in 
May. In '90 I had good surface fishing on May 6, and 
afterward for a week; and in 1889 I did my May fishing 
in Saranac Lake, but knew that there was good surface 
trolling in Lake George each of these years on and after 
the day the season opened. 
I mention this lake so specifically and its conditions 
for fishing in the spring as I imagine the details will ap- 
ply to other waters for which special legislation is 
sought. Unless we have something like uniformity in 
our fish and game laws, without the seemingly endless 
exceptions for certain waters' fish or game a code of 
game laws becomes^a mockery. 
' ' CANADIAN SOLDIER. ' ' 
A correspondent writes from Youngstown, Ohio, 
"There is a fly that puts in its appearance at Sandusky 
and Cleveland, and 1 do not know but all along the 
southern shore of Lake Erie, between May 20 and June 
15, by the million and covers sidewalks and houses. 
They are locally called "Canadian soldiers." Can you 
tell me what the proper name of this fly is, how they 
breed, whether in the water or from a grub, or from the 
fly itself; whether they can be transported to other 
parts of the country and live, and if so how it is done?" 
The fly is undoubtedly the May fly or day fly, and 
probably the largest one of the species, known to fisher- 
men as the green drake. There is a soldier fly, a dip- 
terous insect, but the swarming in millions mentioned by 
the correspondent answers to that of the May fly. I 
have written of the May fly so recently that I think the 
correspondent will find his question answered in Forest 
and Stream of March 10 in my notes, under the heading 
"May Ely Larvse," and in Forest and Stream of Feb. 16 
under the heading "Transporting May Flies." 
The flies and their larvas can both be transplanted, and 
will live and stock new waters and furnish an excellent 
fish food. 
FISH CULTURE IN ITALY. 
A lady residing in Rome sends me two clippings 
from a Roman newspaper and says: "I send you evidence 
that Italy is awakened to the importance of artificial fish 
culture, and is following in the footsteps of the United 
States in an effort to repopulate her waters with fish." 
The clippings translated read: "During the last few 
days, by the care of the Minister of Agriculture, there 
have been new plantings in the public waters, with the 
.view of repopulation. Twenty thousand trout fry were 
let loose in the Liri near Ceprano (between Rome and 
Naples). One hundred thousand carp in the Lake of 
Garda, and sixty-five thousand trout at Iseo. 
"By order of the bureau of fish culture there has been 
let loose in thelake of Garda, opposite Isola Bella, fifty 
thousand white fish, which will be quickly followed by 
as many trout, with the end of repopulating the lake. 
"We hear little, if anything, about artificial fish culture 
in Italy, in fact, until I read the clippings here given, I 
did not even think of Italy as a nation that practiced fish 
culture, and yet Italy stands second to Germany in the 
discovery or practice of artificial fish culture. The dis- 
covery of fish culture was made known by Jacobi in Ger- 
many in 1763, but as early as 1791 Joseph Bufalini, of 
Cesena, in Northern Italy, had succeeded in artificially 
fecundating the eggs of many species of fishes, ap- 
parently without any knowledge of Jacobi's discovery. 
MARSTON'S TROUT. 
Last December, my friend, Mr. E. T. D. Chambers, 
wrote me from Quebec, and mentioned in a postscript to 
his letter that he had a small trout which he wished to 
send me, but he wished first to freeze the fish before send- 
ing it. The fish came from Riniduski county, some 
twelve miles south of the St. Lawrence River, and had 
been given to Mr. Chambers by Mr. C. Panet Angers, Q. 
C. Mr. Chambers spoke of the fish as a "curious and 
very beautiful specimen of Canadian truut which answers 
very closely to the description already published in Forest 
and Stream, as Marston's species of the salmonidEe." I 
asked him to send the fish, not to me, but to Prof. Gar- 
man, at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, 
and Mr. Chambers now writes me enclosing the follow- 
ing letter from Prof. Garman: 
"Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass., 
March 13. —I was much pleased with your last. The trout 
arrived a day later than you expected; thawed out, but 
still good. The fish is S. Marstonii. From the traces of 
rolor retained, it is evidently the most beautiful of the 
genus. Its slenderness favors the idea that it is also the 
most swift. Your specimen decides that the species 
is more distinct than was at first supposed. In the sys- 
tem, its place is near S. Oquassa, but farther from its 
imported species S. Alpinus, of Lemapee Lake, Neiv 
Hampshire. The latter, helped by fish planters, is grad- 
ually extending its range, so that it may soon be heard 
from in the St. Lawrence and its tributaries. After a 
day or two in alcohol the Marston trout loses its brilliant 
red and discloses the faint brownish vertical bands 
across the sides, much as in S. Oquassa, the blue-back 
trout of the Rangeley lakes. Some artist with his pencil 
will delight everybody interested in fishes if he will give 
the public a fair idea of the splendid colors, drawn from 
life, of the male of Marston's namesake. 
Cordially yours, Samuel Garman." 
This letter shows that the distribution of the Marston 
trout is much greater than at first, and proves the truth 
of a statement of a friend, who said that when the trout 
of the Canadian were .examined, doubtless other new 
species would be found. The first specimens to be 
examined, in July, 1893, came from Lac de Marbre in 
Ottawa county. Next, I heard of the fish in a lake, still 
north of the St. Lawrence, and about a hundred miles 
east of where it was first found, and as I was informed, 
on a different water shed. I have seen specimens only in 
summer, and then declared it one of the most beautiful 
trout that I had seen. With the colors of the breeding 
season added, this char must be a marvel of beauty. 
WALTONS ARE UP. 
It is difficult for some people to understand how a little 
book issued for an English shilling should sell for $1,335, 
yet such is the price paid for the first edition of Walton at 
the Alexander sale in New York a few days ago. But the 
book was issued in 1653. The second edition, issued two 
years later, brought $210. The third, printed in 1661, 
sold for $150, and the fourth for $100. The four volume 
Bagsten, Walton and Cotton, sold for $404. This was 
printed in 1815, Pickering's edition, 1836, sold for $220. 
A life of Walton sold for $113 50. Goode's Fisheries of the 
United States, issued in 1879 for $50, sold for $220. but this 
work contained the reproductions in colors of Kilburne's 
paintings, and his trout, painted for the work, is perhaps 
the best painting of our brook trout that ever came from 
the brush of any artist. Certainly this trout has beeu copied 
far and wide, if that be a test of excellence. It is fitting 
that Walton's books should bring good prices just at this 
time, when a stained glass window is being unveiled in 
his memory and honor in St. Dunstan's Church, in Lon- 
don, where he worshiped in life. Although Walton sleeps 
at Winchester, where a screen was erected to his 
memory, he was a resident of London, in Fleet street, in 
which St. Dunstan's is also situated, and under its shadow 
the "Compleat Angler" was first sold. A. N. Cheney. 
The Sportsmen's Exposition. 
Editor Forest and stream : 
The time for the opening of the great Sportsmen's Ex- 
position is drawing near, and we congratulate the asso- 
ciation that the fruits of their labor '"'ill soon be enjoyed 
by the sportsmen of this country. Reviewing the diffi- 
culties which have been encountered from time to time 
since the project was launched, it must be conceded that 
the sportsman's interests have received an impetus by 
the contemplated holding of the exhibition the effect of 
which is conspicuous, and certain to create a broader 
knowledge of the needs and requirements of the legion of 
shooters, fishermen and lovers of field sports and recrea- 
tions that has not existed heretofore. 
It is evident that the sportsmen of the country will 
assemble in New York during the week of the Exposition, 
and by their presence show that they are in sympathy 
with the efforts of the association to enlarge the spirit of 
field sports. The evidence of a liberal patronage is mani- 
fest on every side. The reduced railroad rates offered 
will insure a large attendance. 
Extensive arrangements are being made to provide for 
the rush of the associations which have signified their in- 
tention of attending in a body on the various club dates. 
The incalculable advantages likely to accrue to the manu- 
facturer and dealer is one reason why every dealer in 
sportmen's goods of the entire country should attend the 
exposition. No occasion has ever appealed to the sports- 
man in such a practical way as this, the first exposition. 
Every club should send a large contingent of its officers 
and members. Quite a large number of the leading 
sporting organizations of several States are already ar- 
ranging to attend. 
Among the many noted guides who will be at the ex- 
position will be Mr. and Mrs. W. G. Wallihan, of Lay, 
Colorado. These persons have earned for themselves an 
enviable reputation as photographers of our wild game 
with the camera. There will be over two hundred dif- 
ferent photographs of our large game exhibited by these 
enterprising and enthusiastic sportsmen. The sizes of the 
photographs are 20 by 40, 18 by 20 and smaller. 
Another very interesting exhibit will be that of Messrs. 
C. G. Gunther's Sons. The exhibit of this firm will be 
an exact reproduction of their famous World's Fair dis- 
play. It will occupy four spaces, and the display will be 
a typical and striking collection of their mounted speci- 
mens and heads of our North American gamu. 
G. A. S. 
Linnaean Society of New York. 
At a regular meeting of the society, held at the Ameri- 
can Museum of Natural History, a paper was presented: 
"Further remarks on the Salamanders found in the 
Vicinitv of New York City," by Mr. William L. Sher- 
wood. " Walter W. Granger, ^ 
Secretary. j 
New Jersey Sea and Streams. 
Asbuey Park, N. J., April 16.— The continued cold 
weather has held fishing in this vicinity in check. I have 
received information that flounders are biting freely in 
Barnegat Bay, and perch are in evidence all about us. 
Dr. H. S. Kinmenth is the only man so far in this vicin- 
ity who has had a go at the trout. He reports the 
streams in bad condition and the fish unusually small. 
Out of a catch of eighteen but four were above the 6in. 
limit, and this from a stream where we have not infre- 
quently taken good strings of pound fish. The close 
season on pickerel is of great advantage to us, as the 
season will not begin until May 1, by which time in these 
waters the ma jority of fish have spawned. It is a meas- 
ure which should have been in force years ago. Thanks 
to the splendid energy of Commissioner Frothingham we 
have much to be grateful for, and anglers now feel that 
in him we have an auxiliary that in future will make pro- 
tection protect. Leonard Hulit. 
Canadensis Trout. 
New York, April 21. — I have just returned from Cana- 
densis, N. Y. Trout fishing is good. I stopped at Price 
Bros.' Spruce Cabin, and so did Kit Clarke and Mr. 
Schroeder. Mr. Kit Clarke caught over 200 trout in a 
couple of days. Mr. W. H. Schroeder, of Elmira, caught 
43 trout in a few hours on one day, of which the smalhst 
measured 8iu. and the largest 14iin. Mr. Schroeder had 
all large fish. He uses the minnow for bait. We had 
trout at every meal and plenty to take home besides. I 
brought home 61. Most fish caught with bait.— F. W. 
Stopeishagen. 
The Ziemwl. 
FIXTURES. 
BENCH SHOWS. 
May 8 to 11— San Francisco. Cal.— Pacific Kennel Club. Howard 
Vernon, Sec'y, San Francisco. 
BlvpC 17-20.— Orange county Fair Bench Show. Newburgh, N. 
T. Robert Johnson, Sec'y. 
Oct. 8 to 11.— Danbury, Uonn.— Danbury Agricultural Society 
G. L. Bundle, Sec'y. 
FIELD TRIALS. 
Sept. % — Continental Field Trials Club's chicken trials at 
P. T. Madison, Sec'y, Indianapolis, Ind, 
Sept. 10— Morris, Man.— Manitoba F. T. C, John Wootton, 
Sec'y, Manitou. 
Nov. 5.— Chatham, Ont— International F. T. Club. W. B.Wells 
Sec'y. 
Nov. 18.— Eastern F. T. Club, at Newton, N. C. W. A. Coster, 
Sec'y. Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 
Nov. 25.— Continental Field Trials Club's quail trials at Newton, 
P. T. Madison, Sec'y, Indianapolis, Ind. 
Nov. 28.-Trials A. U. S. F. T. Club.— W. B. Stafford, Sec'y, 
Trenton, Tenn. 
THE BOSTON SHOW. 
The eleventh annual bench show of the New England 
Kenuel Club, held in Mechanics' Hall, Boston, on April 16 
to 19, inclusive, was of high quality taken in its entirety as a 
show. The catalogue indicated that there were 752 dogs 
entered, not counting the duplicate entries, which num- 
bered about 50. 
The show was attractively and pleasantly arranged. The 
hall is amply large, so that a good width for passageways 
was left between the lines of beuching, and there was 
abundance of light from the generous spread of glass which 
was a part of two sides of the hall. 
The benching was wooden, but of an entirely new pattern, 
differing from that of the ordinary rough wooden kind which 
is constructed with a view to temporary use and cheapness. 
It was nicely fitted and finished for permanent use. 
Spratts Patent attended to the feeding in their usual satis- 
factory and painstaking manner. The show was a model of 
neatness. 
The judging was finished with reasonable promptness, 
though the heavy floods in eastern New England delayed 
traffic so much that some of the dogs arrived late and were 
judged after their arrival. Mr, James Mortimer judged 
bloodhounds, mastiffs, St. Bernards, great Danes, New- 
foundlands, Chesapeake Bay dogs, beagles, bulldogs and 
fox-terriers. Mr. Chas H. Mason judged spaniels, bassets, 
dachshunds, poodles, collies, sheepdogs, terriers (except 
Boston and fox-terriers;, pugs and miscellaneous. Mr. 
Harry W. Smith judged deerhounds, greyhounds and Rus- 
sian wolfhounds. Mr. Arthur JYJulvey judged Boston ter- 
riers, and Major J. M. Taylor judged foxhounds, pointers 
and setters, Dr. H. Clay Glover was the veterinarian. 
There was some dissatisfaction with some of the decisions. 
" Delightful weather prevailed during the last three days. 
Still, the show was not so well patronized as it merited. 
The last day, being a holiday, there was a large attend- 
ance, though it was the openiDg day of the baseball season, 
which attracted crowds to see the games. 
There was a difference of opinion concerning the Club's 
cups. Mr. F. Lewis lodged a protest in respect to awarding 
the club pointer cup. In the special prize list the cups were 
offered "lor the best dog or bitch bred and owned by ex- 
hibitor," Subsequently, through the press, the club an- 
nounced that "the conditions uuder which our club cups 
were offered have been changed, and will now he offered for 
the best American-bred dog or bitch in the twenty breeds 
enumerated in our premium list." The club held that they 
had a right to correct the premium list, as the first announce- 
ment concerning, the club cups was an error, and the an- 
nouncement through the press was sufficient notice of the 
change. Mr. Lewis held that the premium list was what 
governed the contract between the exhibitor and the club, 
and that the notification through the press was immaterial. 
The club refused to pass on the protest and will refer it to 
the A. K. C. 
The management gave a lunch to the judges, press and 
exhibitors, on Tuesday, which hospitable attention was 
appreciated in itself, and for the kindly interest manifested 
toward the dogmen. 
The rinjr stewards worked hard, and were skillful in 
keeping the classes moving. 
Foxhounds were in exceptionally strong numbers and of 
good quality. In the class for English hounds, dogs and 
bitches, Noel E. Money's Songster aud Mermaid, both good 
hounds, were respectively first and second, winning easily in 
a class of four. John Gibney's Winsome won third. 
American foxhounds were out in force, there being 27 
shown. In the challenge class first was won by Muskedunder 
Kennels' Bowsprit, Dr. C. A. Largest's Commodore yhc. 
reserve. There were eleven dogs iu the open class. First 
went to W. A. Walker's Big Strive, somewhat plain in head, 
excellent in legs aud feet, and foxhound character. White 
Oak Kennels' Clay and Dude were second and third. Clay 
is coarse in head, but a hound of good quality. G. W. 
Pierce's Driver got reserve. Ju bitches, W- S. Walker's 
Pearl Strive, a bit flat in ribs, excellent head, of true, fox- 
hound character, sound and shapely legs and feet, won first 
over White Oak Hill Kennels' Flirt, second, and Dr. A. C. 
Heffenger's Primrose. This class had nine entries. There 
were four puppies, only fair in quality. Pope's Striver 
