20 
Part III — Tenth Annual Report 
practically the same — the inference being that the fish had not 
travelled far in the interval. In some cases the marked fish had 
travelled considerable distances; plaice, which had been in the 
water for over seventeen months, having been caught eighteen 
miles, and codling twelve miles from the place of liberation, within 
two months afterwards. In St Andrews Bay there appears to be a 
fairly regular movement of small and medium-sized plaice north- 
wards towards the Tay. These fish pass outwards on attaining 
sexual maturity, and probably spawn somewhere in the neighbour- 
hood of the Bell Rock. 
From the ignorance which prevails as to the migrations of the 
herring, and the importance of ascertaining definitely the move- 
ments of this fish, in relation to the great spawning and fishing 
grounds, the Board have decided that similar experiments should 
be made in connection therewith, and these were begun by Dr 
T. W. Fulton at the Ballantrae Bank in the spring of the present 
year. 
The Development and Life-Histories of the Food 
AND OTHER FlSHES. 
During last season considerable and important additions were 
made to our knowledge concerning the nature of the spawn of the 
food-fishes, the development of their young, and the distribution 
of the ova and young. In the present Report, Professor M'Intosh, 
F.R.S., gives the results of his researches on these subjects. The 
very large collections of pelagic ova and larval and post-larval 
fishes made by the 'Garland' and by the boat of St Andrews 
Marine Laboratory, have been identified and described, the relative 
abundance at each station of the eggs of the various species of 
fish, and the stage of development which they had reached, being 
carefully noted. 
During last season Professor M'Intosh has been able to identify 
and describe the pelagic eggs of no less than six species of the food- 
fishes, namely, the halibut, torsk, saithe, ly the, megrim, and poor-cod, 
and to clear up many doubtful points regarding several others. The 
important fact -has been proved that the ripe ova of the halibut, 
unknown previous to the present year, float at the surface of the sea, 
like those of other flat-fish. They are, indeed, the largest of all the 
pelagic ova hitherto described, but they do not appear to have been 
ever obtained in the tow-nets. Professor M'Intosh has also been 
able to hatch the artificially fertilised eggs of the torsk, the megrim, 
the brill, and the poor-cod, and in the present Report the develop- 
ment of the embryo in each of these forms is described. He has 
also cleared up much that has hitherto been obscure respecting the 
identity and distribution of young specimens of the turbot, brill, 
and other flat-fish. Four Plates accompany Professor M'lntosh's 
paper. 
f 
Professor E. E. Prince and Dr J. Lin'dsay Steven have made an 
examination of two remarkable tumours, one found in a haddock 
and the other in a cod, and their paper dealing with this inquiry 
is found in the present Report. 
