344 
Part III. — Tenth Annual Report 
conclusions of other observers, especially those of Dr Hoffmann, regarding 
the anchovy in the Zuider Zee. 
VII. SWEDEN. 
In his Eeport on the sea fisheries of Gothenburg and Bohusland, Dr 
A. H. Malm, the Inspector of Fisheries, gives various particulars of in- 
terest.* The total value of these fisheries, from 1st April 1890 to 1st 
April 1891, was 3,576,432 kroners — an increase of 823,252 kroners over 
the previous year. The value of the deep-sea fishery (Storsjofisket) was 
497,374 kroners ; of the mackerel fishery, 470,191 ; of the herring fishery, 
2,161,393 — an increase of 767,557 kroners; of salmon, 17,117; of lobsters, 
104,564; of oysters, 10,737. Both of the latter show a considerable 
decrease. Of a total of 283,752 barrels of herrings, 161,110 were cured 
and packed after the Scotch fashion, and 118,866 after the Norwegian; 
3776 were treated as 'split fish.' The price obtained at Stettin for 
' fulls ' in January, February, and March was 20 to 22 marks, and for 
' medium fulls ' 16 to 18 marks. 
As pointed out in last year's Report (Part iii. p. 408), great efforts are 
being made to imitate the Scotch system of curing and packing of her- 
rings. A sum of 2500 kroners has been set aside by the Economic 
Society in order to obtain the services of Scotch coopers (SkotsJce salteri- 
forman) for instruction in the mode of herring curing and packing in 
Scotland. A new mode of preparing small herring has been tried, which 
may merit attention in Scotland, that is as split fish (KUjppt sill). The 
head and the edges of the belly are cut off, and the guts removed, and the 
herrings are packed close and tightly together, with as much salt as will 
preserve them for a year. The length of such split fish ranges from 16 to 
18 centimetres, and they are sent to Austria, where they undergo further 
treatment, to form an article called ' Russian Sardines.' The curers get 
about 10 kroners a barrel for such split herrings. A table is given of the 
exports of herrings, from which it appears that very large quantities come 
to England. From Gothenburg alone 4,757,420 kilos were exported to 
England (Hull, Newcastle, London, and West Hartlepool). From 
Marstrand and Inston 20,710,300 kilos were sent to Germany and Eng- 
land ; from Lysekil 10,992,400 kilos were exported to England, Germany, 
Denmark, and Norway ; from Stromstad 12,128,872 kilos were despatched 
to England, Fredrickshaven, and Norway, and large quantities from other 
places. These figures serve to explain the depression in the prices of 
Scotch herrings in the English markets. The oil and guano factories used 
55,000 hectolitres of herrings. 
The number of vessels engaged in the deep-sea fishing was 156, of 
3280 tons, and manned with crews numbering 1354 men. In the 
Bohuslan herring fishing 134 boats, manned by 667 men, used drift-nets 
in the autumn, the value of the herrings caught being 102,167 kroners. 
The number of boats using set-nets was 1040, manned by 3236 men, the 
value of the herrings caught being 887,183 kroners. The number of 
seine-nets (vadar) used was 203, employed by 2074 men, the value of the 
catch being 1,172,043 kroners. In the lobster fishery 1906 men employed 
34,024 creels, and caught 209,580 lobsters, valued at 104,564 kroners. 
The yield of oysters was 72,400, valued at 10 ; 737 kroners. 
Last year a Swedish Fishery Conference was held at Gothenburg 
which was attended also by representatives from Norway, Denmark, Fin- 
* Bcriittclsc dfver Gotcborgs och Bohus lans hafsfisken under } 1890-91. Goteborg, 
