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The Valley Naturalist. 
"EstaMisM January, 1878. 
(NATURAE DISCERE MORES.) 
Henry SKaer, PnDlislier- 
Volume I. 
SAINT LOUIS, MO., JUNE, 1878. 
Number 6. 
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Address, 
HENRY SKAER, Publisher, 
1213 South Sixth Street, SAINT LOUIS 
A New Species of Lachnus. 
BY J. MONELL, MISSOURI BOTANICAL GAR- 
DENS, ST. LOUIS, MO. 
Considerable attention was attracted on 
Wednesday last (May 15) by immense num- 
bers of Aphides flying throughout the city. 
They were particularly abundant on Fourth 
Street and also in the north-western part of 
the city. Though migrations of the smaller 
forms are by no means uncommon, I do not 
think that "they have been before noticed 
among these larger, and, as they are often 
termed, lower forms of Aphididce. 
Immense swarms of the common Aphis 
■brassicw are very often observed; many in- 
stances are recorded by Kirby and Spence, 
and I have myself noticed it in 1871, filling 
the air in such quantities at St. Louis as to 
inconvenience persons on the street by flying 
into there eyes. According to Morren, mi- 
gratory swarms of Aphis persicce appeared 
here and there successively throughout Bel- 
gium in 1835 and were so thick as to obscure 
the light of the sun. 
Lachnus longistigma, n. sp. 
General color dusky ; abdomen cinereous, 
with four rows of black dots. 
Apex of the stigma 
extending to the c 
stigmal vein. 
Third joint of the 
antennae as long as 
the two following 
taken together, sixth joint about half as 
long as penultimate. 
Length of body 0.17-.20 in.— to tip of wings 
0.33-.35 in. 
The antennae, body and legs are very hairy. 
Head and thorax black. Abdomen ash-gray, 
but appearing dusky on being devested of 
the pruinose matter; dorsal surface with 
lour rows of black spots, which on close in- 
spection with a lense appear to be slightly 
elevated above the surface. Wings some- 
what fumose; the " insertions " red. The 
veins are as usual in this genus, the first two 
discoidals being very much more robust 
than the cubitus. Stigma black, linear, ex- 
tending along the apical margin of the wing 
to the apex of the stigmal vein, which is 
short and quite straight. The stigma is 
olten slightly yellowish towards the tip and 
in normal specimens seems to extend just 
to the apex of the fourth vein, but frequent- 
ly they are about .005 in. apart; and in one 
abnormal specimen the stigma extended 
nearly .01 beyond the stigmal vein. In some 
specimens the intercostal cell is not percept- 
able, the costal and subcostal veins appear- 
ing as if connate, while in others the exterior 
basal angle of the stigma is not situated so 
far back as the base of the cubitus. The 
distance between the apex of the upper 
f ureal and that of the stigmal vein is equal 
to about one-third of the distance between 
the tips of the f ureal s. 
No other Aphide known to me has the 
apical portion of the stigma prolonged to 
such an extend as in this species. In Pem- 
phigus longistigma (China) of my mss. the 
stigma is prolonged nearly to the apex of 
the fourth vein, but the "apical portion is 
very slender, often scarcely perceptible and 
never reaches the fourth vein. 
Since the above w r as written, I have found 
this Lachnus living in great abundance on 
the under side of branches of Linden, a few 
miles west of St. Louis. The apterous spec- 
imens do not differ in coloration from the 
winged ones. The newly born larvae have 
the head, thorax and legs yellowish and the 
abdomen greenish. 
The rostrum seems to increase in length 
very little or perhaps not at all after birth as 
it is of the same length in the newly born 
larvae as in adult individuals; in the larvae it 
-extends beyond the tip of the abdomen for a 
distance equal to nearly one-third of the 
length of the body, while in winged speci- 
mens it reaches but little beyond the third 
pair of coxae. 
The Ligneous Flora of South Western 
Iowa . 
BY PROFESSOR J. E. TODD, TABOR COLLEGE, 
TABOR, FREMONT COUNTY, IOWA. 
Abbreviations: c. common; r. rare; v. 
very; 1. lowland; h. highland; p. prairie; b. 
border of timber; f. forest. 
Acer dasycarpum, Ehrh. Soft Maple, v. c. 1. 
AmelancMer canadensis, T. & Gr. var. ob- 
longifolia, Service, r. 
Amorpha canescens, Nutt. Lead-plant, v. c. 
h. p. 
Amorpha fruticosa, L. False Indigo, c. 1. b. 
Ampelopsis quinquefolia, Michx. Five-leaf 
Ivy. v. c. 
Asimina triloba, Dunal. Paw-paw. r. 
Gary a alba, Nutt. Shag-bark, r. h. f. 
" glabra, Nutt. Pignut, c. h. 
" amara, Nutt. Bitternut, v. c. h. 
Ceanothus Americanus, L. Red-root. c. h. p. 
Celtis occidentalis, var. crassifolia, L. Hack- 
berry, v. c. h. f. 
Celastrus scandens, L. Bittersweet, c. 
Cercis canadensis, L. Bed-bud. c. h. f. 
Cephalanthus occidentalis, L. Buttonbush. 
r. 1. 
Gornus paniculata, L'Her. Arrowwood. v. c. 
" stolonifera, Michx. Red-Osier Dog- 
wood, c. 1. 
Gorylus Americana, Walt. Hazel-bush. v. c. 
h. b. 
Crataegus tomentosa, var. mollis, L. Thorn- 
apple, c h. 
Diervilla trifida, Mcench. Bush Honey- 
suckle, r. 
Euonymus atropurpureus, Jacq. Wahoo. 
c. h. 
Fraxinus Americanus, L. White Ash. v. c. 
" viridis, (?) Michx. Green Ash. v- 
r. 1. 
GledUschiatriacanthus, L. Honey Locust, c. 
Gymnocladus Canadensis, Lam. Coffee 
bean. c. 
Juglans nigra, L. Black Walnut, v. c h. f. 
3£enispermum Canadense, L. Moonseed. v. 
c. f. 
Morus rubra, L. Mulberry, c 
Negundo aceroides, Mcench. Box Elder, v. 
c b. 
Ostrya Virginica, Willd. Ironwood. v. c 
Primus Americana, Marshall. Red Plum, 
v. c. 
Primus Virginiana, L. Choke Cherry, v. c. 
Primus serotina, Ehrh. Black Cherry, v. c 
h. b. 
Platanus occidentalis, L. Sycamore, v. c 1. 
Populus monilifera, Ait. Cottonwood, v. c 
1 • 
Pyrus coronaria, var. Ioensis, Wood. Crab 
Apple, v. c. h. b. 
Quercus castanea, Willd. Chestnut Oak. 
c. h. 
Quercus coccinea, var. tinctoria, Gray, 
Black Oak. v. r. h. 
Quercus Macrocarpa, Michx. Burr Oak. v. 
c. h. 
Quercus rubra, JL. Red Oak. c. h. 
Bhamnus lanceolatus, Pur. Western Buck- 
thorn, c. h. b. 
Bhus glabra, L. Sumach, v. c. h. b. 
" toxicodendron, L. Poison Oak. c. 
" " var. radicans, Torr. 
Poison Ivy. v. c. 
Bibes rotundifolium, Michx. Smooth Goose- 
berry, v. c. 
Bibes flSridum, L. Black Currant. 1. 
Bosa lucida, Ehrhrdt. Praire Rose. v. c 
h. p. 
Bubus occidentalis, L. Black Raspberry, 
v. c h. 
Bubus villosus, Ait. Common Blackberry, 
v. r. h. 
Salix tristis, Ait. Bearberry Willow, c on 
high bluffs. 
Salix humilis, Marshall. Prairie Willow, c. 
Salix longifolia, Muhl. Long-leaved Wil- 
low, v. c. 
Salix lucida, Muhl. Shining Willow, v. c 1. 
Salix nigra, Marshall. Black Willow. 1. 
Sambuciis Canadensis, L. Common Elder, 
v. c 
Spirea salicifolia, (?) L. Meadow-sweet, 
v. c. 
Symphoricarpus vulgaris, Michx. Indian 
Current, v. c 
Staphylea trifolia, L. Bladder-nut. r. 1. 
Tilia Americana, L. Basswood. v. c. h. f. 
Ulmus fulva, Michx. Red Elm. v. c. h. b. 
" Americana, L. White Elm. v. c. 
" racemosa, Thomas. Hickory Elm. 
c. h. b. 
Viburnum lentago, L. Black Haw. r. 
Vitis cordifolia', Michx. Frost Grape, c. 
Zanthoxylum Americana, Mill. Prickly Ash. 
c. 
The region varies in altitude from about 
1000 to 1300 feet above the sea. The pre- 
vailing soil is that of the Loess. 
The St. Louis Academy of Science 
have now in press, a quarto volume on the 
Pottery of the Mound Builders. It is beau- 
tifully illustrated with lithographic plates 
and will prove a work in every way worthy 
of our Academy. The text we beleive, will 
be the joint production of the Archaeological 
Section. The Academy hopes to have the 
work, ready for distribution by the middle 
of June. 
