of the Fishery Board for Scotland. 
205 
Duration 
ofHi.ul 
(on mud). 
Cod. 
Haddock. 
Whiting. 
Gurnard. 
Plaice. 
Lemon 
Sole. 
Common 
Dab. 
1 
Long 
Rough 
Dab. 
fcib 
■> 
IS 
ce 
<u 
Q 
c3 
<D 
Q 
bb 
bb 
c 
'> 
03 
ft 
bb 
p 
ID 
P 
bb 
c 
'> 
i3 
do 
'> 
hrs. rain. 
1 30 
2 40 
5 0 
5 40 
6 0 
44 
15 
8 
1 
19 
2 
5 
3 
1 
7 
4 
... 
3 
16 
... 
21 
159 
... 
z 
i 
18 
19 
■*5 
18 
98 
35 
1 
3 
31 
57 
97 
i 
3 
1 
2 
17 
110 
"2 
1 
18 
1 
38 
32 
1 
8 
3 
26 
120 
Of greater importance, from a practical point of view, is the relative 
destruction of immature fish, according to the time the net is down. As 
has been said, in the course of tliese experiments hauls were made for 
varying periods ; and I have tabulated the results and calculated the 
death-rate per cent, amqng the immature fish captured, as shown in the 
following table : — 
Duration of Haul. 
Cod. 
Haddock. 
Whiting. 
Gurnard. 
Plaice. 
Lemon 
Sole. 
Common 
Dab. 
Long 
Rough Dab. 
Under two hours, . . 
3-2 
0-0 
15-2 
0-0 
0-0 
0-0 
0-0 
0-0 
Two to four hours, 
3-0 
66-0* 
51-1 
6-5 
0-0 
0-0 
3-1 
38-0 
Four to six hours, . . 
9-1 
81-3 
83-9 
0-6 
13-7 
4-9 
10-5* 
* The numbers in these cases were small. 
It is evident from this table that the number of immature fish which 
perish in the trawl-net increases markedly with the duration of the haul. 
The numbers of immature cod, whiting, gurnard, and flat-fish were suffi- 
ciently large to indicate what normally occurs. In the case of haddock the 
numbers were small ; only one immature specimen was got in the series of 
hauls lasting between four and six hours, and it was dead. No adult cod 
(above 20 inches) succumbed in any of the hauls. No flat fish were 
landed dead in any haul under two hours' duration, and in hauls between 
two and four hours only the less important varieties (dabs). The fatality 
among whitiiigs and gurnards increases to a striking extent witli the 
duration of the shot. Young cod, and especially young whiting, suc- 
cumb early. 
As has been said, a number of the fish when brought up in the trawl- 
net were transferred alive to a large tub, tlirougli which a continuous 
stream of sea-water passed, in order to test the likelihood of their sur- 
vival if they bad been returned to the sea. The fish were placed in tho tub 
within a few minutes after they were landed, but in some cases an in- 
terval of from ten to twenty minutes was allowed to ehipso, and they 
remained in thewater thirty or forty minutes, when their condition was 
recorded. As a g(uieral rule, few flat-fish succumbed while in the tub, 
