of the Fishery Board for Scotland. 
389 
of marine laboratories have been established. There is one in 
■ Italy, one in Austria-Hungary, eleven or twelve in France, one 
in Holland, one in Denmark, and several in the United 
States. The German Government have decided to erect one at 
Heligoland in connection with their North Sea fisheries. 
One cannot but be impressed by the energetic efforts being made by 
the various governments to organise, conserve, and promote their sea 
fisheries in every way possible, and to acquire and diffuse information 
from other countries likely to prove beneficial. In many countries periodic 
official reports are obtained from abroad, and many missions of inquiry 
are made, especially perhaps to this country. Good charts and descrip- 
tions of our fishery harbours are to be found in German Reports. 
I have to thank many foreign fishery authorities for assistance in this 
department ; not merely in sup23lying reports and publications referring 
to their work, but in furnishing, promptly and readily, all information in 
their power on points submitted to them. 
Among these I may mention M. Eaveret-Wattel, Secretary to the 
Societe d'Acclimitation de France ; Dr P. P. C. Hoek, Scientific Super- 
intendent of Dutch Fisheries; Captain Drechsel, the Superintendent 
of Danish Fisheries, and the Naturalist Dr Petersen ; Professor Pouchet, 
the Director of the Concarneau Laboratory ; Professor Marion, the 
Director of the Laboratoire d'Endoume, Marseille ; Captain Dannevig, 
the Superintendent of the well-known hatchery at Flodevig; Senor 
Rafael Gutierren Yela, of the Spanish Fisheries Department ; Sir Charles 
Tupper, the High Commissioner for Canada ; Mr Nielsen, the Super- 
intendent of the Newfoundland Fisheries ; Professor Giglioli, of Florence ; 
and Drs Malm and Lundberg, the Inspectors of Swedish Fisheries. Among 
those at home who have been always willing to co-operate I must specially 
mention Sir Thomas F. Brady and the other Inspectors of Irish 
Fisheries, and Professor M'Intosh, F.R.S. ; also Mr Olsen, Secretary of 
the Grimsby Marine Fisheries Society ; and Mr J. Wrench Towse, the 
Honorary Secretaiy to the National Sea Fisheries Protection Association. 
I have also to thank Mr F. G. Binnie for translating the Swedish 
Reports and part of the Danish ; Mrs W. Ramsay Smith for translations 
from the Dutch ; and Mr W. Anderson Smith for the abstract of the 
Spanish Reports, which is included below. 
I. GREAT BRITAIN. 
1. England. 
One of the most important events connected with fisheries in 1890 
was the assembling in London of an International Conference of 
Representatives of Maritime Powers, convened under the auspices of 
the National Sea Fisheries Protection Association, "to discuss the 
question of remedial measures necessary to be taken for the preserva- 
tion and development of the fisheries in the extra-territorial waters of 
Europe." The Conference was under the Presidency of Sir Edward 
Birkbeck, Bart., M.P., and delegates were present from the following 
countries : — Belgium (M. Edouard Seve) ; Denmark (Captain C. F. 
Drechsel) ; France (M. Gestin) ; Germany (Professor Dr Hensen) ; the 
Netherlands (Dr P. P. C. Hoek); and Spain (His Excellency Com- 
modore Manuel Fernandez-y-Coria) ; United Kingdom (Sir Edward 
Birkbeck, Bart., Mr John Hall, and Mr Joseph Barbour). Repre- 
sentatives were also present from various fishery organisations, from 
the Marine Biological Association, and from the Fishery Board for 
