OF BHARATAVARSA OR INDIA. 
93 
adopted by the Aryan Brahmans after they had settled 
in Bharatavarsa^ and like the Graudians and Dra vidians, 
the Gauda-Rrahmans are mainly settled in the north, while 
the Dravida-Brahmans preponderate in the south. I have 
already alluded to this classification ia the first Part on pp. 
49 and 50. 
The five divisions of the Gauda-Brahmans are, as pre- 
viously mentioned, named respectively after the Sarasvati- 
river, Kanyakubja (the modern Kanauj), Gauda, Utkala 
now known as Orissa, and Mithila. 
When applied to Brahmans, many explain the term 
Gauda as describing those who lived near the celebrated 
ancient town of Gauda or Gaura, the ruins of which still 
excite the admiration of those who visit them. Others 
take Gauda as the kingdom of which Gaur was the capital.^* 
It appears somewhat improbable that the Brahmans, who 
came originally from the West, should have chosen for them- 
selves a name from a locality so far remote in the East. 
This supposition becomes even less likely if one considers 
*3 Instead of Karriata KaSmlra is mentioned in the Jdtimdld. 
See H. T. Colebrooke's Enumeration of Indian Classes in his miscellaneous 
Essays, vol. II (1873), p. 159 : " In Jamhu-dwipa, Biihmapas are reckoned 
tenfold ; Siraswata, Kan3-akubja, Gauda, Maithila, Utkala, DrAvida, Muh4- 
r&shtra, Gujjara, and Kasmira, residing in the several countries whence 
they are named." 
Read Areho'.ological Survey of India, vol. XV, p. 39: "The great city 
of Gauda or Gaur, the capital of Balal Sen and his descendants . . is not 
mentioned at all by Hwen Thsang . . (p. 40) The name of the province 
in which Lakhnauti or Gaur was situated was Barbanda or Baranda. At the 
same time we know that the Gaudas were a tribe, and that the Pala Eajas 
took the title of Gauresvara. It seems certain therefore that the western 
part of the province at least must have been called Gauda or Gaur . . 
(p. 41) The name of Gauda or Gaur is, I believe, derived from Guda or Gicr, 
the common name of molasses, or raw sugar, for which this province has 
always been famous. In former days when the Ganges flowed past the 
city, Gaur was the great mart where aU the sugar of the northern districts 
was collected for exportation." 
This derivation of Gaur is also mentioned and recommended by others, but 
it is etui doubtful. Gaur or Lakhnauti lies in lat. 24° 62' N., long. 88' 10' 
E., in theMaldah district of Bengal. 
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