OF BHARATAVAESA OR INDIA. 
121 
therefore, be surprised to see that the Telugu Kodu, e.g., 
corresponds to the Sanskrit Konda (in Kondabhatta) and 
Gonda, though lionda in Telugu signifies only mountain and 
not mountaineer, which meaning is expi-essed by Kondarudu.'^^ 
The principal Grond tribes call themselves Koitor. Telugu 
people regard the last syllable tor of this term as identical 
with the word dora, master, which is not improbable, as the 
Kois aflBs this term to names, e.g., Bhima is called by them 
Bhimadur. The Kois of the Bhadracala and Eekapalli 
taluks in the Upper Grodavari district are called Boralu 
(masters) only by their Mala and Madiga servants, for this 
title is otherwise generally conceded only to the Velama 
land-owners. 
It is a well-known fact that a word often loses its original 
meaning when it is used as a proper name, lioi designates 
the population of Kulu is Kunet. ... I have now traced the KaunLndas 
up to the third century B.C., when they were a rich and powerful people. 
But there is still earlier mention of the people in the Blahabharata, where 
the Kulindas are said to have been conquered by Arjuna. From the context 
Wilson rightly concluded that they were mountaineers and neighbours of 
the Traigarttas or people of Kangra. In the Vishnu Purana I find not only 
the Kulindaa but also KiMndopatijakas or ' Kulindas dwelling along the foot 
of the hills,' which describes exactly the tract of plain country bordering 
the hills in which Srughna, the capital of the Kaunindas, was situated." 
About Kulu or Kullu see Sir W. W. Hunter's Imperial Gazetteer of India, 
vol. V, pp. 465-469: "The character of the hill-men resembles that of 
most other mountaineers in its mixture of simplicity, independence, and 
superstition. Polyandry still prevails in Seoraj, but has almost died out 
elsewhere. It consists simply of a community of wives amongst brothers, 
who hold all their other goods in common, and regard their women as 
labourers on the farm. The temples usually occupy picturesque sites, and 
ar^ dedicated rather to local deities than to the greater gods of the Hindu 
Pantheon." 
Compare also Mr. J. W. McCrindle's Ancient India as described hy 
PtoUmy, pp. 105, 109, 110. 
The Telugu people call the Gonds, Konds or Kands, Eoya, Koijavadu 
(pi. Koyavandlu), Kodu{-p\. Kodulu), Gotidu, Kondarudu, &c. We read in 
Lieutenant Macpherson's Report upon the Khonds of the Districts of Ganjam 
and Cuttach, Calcutta, 1842, p. 20, §42, the following account: "The 
Hindu name for this people which we have adopted, Khond, in the plural 
Khondooloo, means mountaineer, from the Teloogoo word signifying a hill. 
Their sole native appellation south of the Mahanuddee is Soinga or Kwinga, 
which may be a corruption of Kulinga, which, by the exchange of convertible 
letters may be Fulinda, meaning in Sanskrit and thence in Tamil o bar- 
