OY BHAKATAYARSA OR INDIA, 
125 
now these tribes are found in all the Presidencies of 
Bombay, Madras, and Bengal, though their chief abode is 
in the Central Provinces.^' 
The Uriyas aspirate the final d, hence the name is often 
spelt Kondh or Kandh, but this pronunciation is only local. 
Wherever the Gronds, Konds, or Kands are found in their 
own homesteads, far from strangers, they have preserved 
their national virtues, among which honesty, fidelity, and 
hospitality occupy a prominent position. Like many other 
wild tribes they are brave, but they are also cruel and very 
superstitious. In those parts of the country where they 
dwell, the simple-minded Gronds are feared as dangerous 
sorcerers and intimate friends of the evil spirits. 
About the Beligious Doctrines of the Khonds Captain Mac- 
pherson makes the following remarks : " There is one Supreme 
been traced by some {Central Provinces Gazetteer, p. 500) to the ending 
tor in the word Xoitor. This has always seemed to me (Rev. Mr. Cain) 
rather doubtful, as this honorific affix is not only conceded to the ITois, but 
also to several other castes, e.ff. , the (true) Vellamma caste, and to all the 
most influential natives in the independent or semi-independent neighbour- 
ing states." The Gonds in the Singbhum District are called Borowas 
or Naiks. See Dalton's Ethnology, p. 277, and Grant's Gazetteer, p. 137. 
Elsewhere in Narasuigpur are found the Dhur Gonds which term appears 
to be identical with the Dhurwe or Naik Gonds. I wonder what is the 
meaning of the term Dhur (Dhurwe or Dorowas), and whether it is con- 
nected with the word clora. 
About the Marias consult also the Report of the Dependency of Bustar by 
Deputy Commissioner C. L. E. Glasfurd, pp. 46-52: " J04. The Marias 
and Jhoorias, I should say, are, strictly speaking, a sub-division of the true 
Gond family." 
" See Lieutenant Macpherson, p. 13, § 13 : " The Khonds are now seen, in 
" both of these situations, within the following ill-defined limits. Upon the 
" east they appear scattered over the wilder tracts of the Ganjam district 
*' bordering upon the Chilka Lake, and are seen in that quarter at a few 
" points, upon the coast of the Bay of Bengal. They are found, on the 
*' north-west, on the confines of Gondwana, in longitude 83°, while on the 
" west, they extend within the unsurveyed frontier of Berar. They are 
" found as far south as Bustar in latitude 19° 40', while the Zemindary of 
" Palconda is like that of Kunnapoor possessed by a Khond Chief on the 
" south-east, they are replaced on the limits of the Souradah and Moherry 
" districts in Ganjam, by the Sourah race, which henceforward occupies 
" the eastern acclivities of the Ghauts to the Godavery. To the north, 
" fifty miles beyond the Mahanuddee, in the meridian of Boad, they are 
" succeeded by the Kole people. On the north-east, they are found high 
17 
