OF BHAEATAVARSA OE INDIA. 
129 
creation of the world and the fall of man which Macpherson 
ascribes to the Khonds. It reminds one, however, in many 
of its features of the Biblical Accounts, and fills one with 
wonder that such an uncivilised Indian tribe as the Khonds 
should have so beautiful a legend of their own. 
In the human sacrifices which these tribes offered up in 
days not long gone by, and which even now they have 
not altogether abandoned, they displayed an indescribable 
(9) Soogoo Pennoo or Sidrojoo Pemioo, the god of Fountains; (10) Pidzoo 
Pennoo, the god of Rain; (11) Pilamoo Pennoo, the god of Hunting ; 
(12) god of Births." Lieutenant (Captain) Macpherson's Report was re- 
printed under the title of " An Account of the Religious Opinions and 
Ohservances oi the Khonds of Goomsur and Boad " in the Journal of the 
Soyal Asiatic Society, vol. VII (1843), pp. 172-199, and " An Account of the 
Ghonds inOrissa" in vol. XIII, 1852, pp. 216-274 of the same journal. 
Besides Bura and Tari there are (pp. 226-228) " inferior gods divisible into 
two classes, distinguished by their origin, their attributes, and the scope 
of their duties and authority. The gods of the first class sprang from Boora 
and Tari. . . 1, Pidzu Pennu,the god of Rain. 2, Boorbi Pennu, the goddess 
of new Vegetation and First Fruits. 3, Peteri Pennu, the God of increase. 
4, Klambi Pennu, the God of the Chase, b, Loha Pennu, the God of war. 
6, Sundi Pennu, the God of Boundaries. 7, Dinga Pennu, the Judge of the 
dead . . . The third class of inferior deities are sprung from the Gods of the 
first two classes. Thej- are the strictly minor and local deities of the Khonds 
The following are the chief of this class of gods. 1, Nadzu Pennu, the Village 
God. 2, Soro Pennu, the Hill God. 3, Jori Pennu, the God of Streams, i, 
Tozu Pennu, the Family or House God. 5, Mounda Pennu, the Tank God. 6, 
8ooga Pennu, the God of Fountains. 7, Gossa Pennu, the Forest God. 
8, Koosti Pennu, the God of Ravines. 9, Bhora I'ennu, the God of New Fruits, 
produced on trees or shrubs." These two accounts differ in some respects. 
On pp. 243-256 : the worship of Tari Pennu is described : "In the worship 
paid to Tari Pennu by her sect, the Chief rite is human sacrifice. It is 
celebrated as a public oblation by tribes, branches of tribes or villages both 
at social festivals held periodically, and when special occasions demand 
extraordinary propitiations. And besides these social offerings, the rite is 
performed by individuals to avert the wrath of Tari from themselves and 
their families." According to Mr. Grant (p. 106; the Gonds worship as a 
rule only " Bar§ Deva and Bt\k Deva." 
Colonel Dalton says in his Ethnology of Bengal, on p. 281 : " The 
Gonds are, however, found to have one common object of worship, called, 
according to the linguistic peculiarities of the locality, Bura Deo, BS,da 
Deo, or Badiy Pen. Pen and Deo mean the same, but the signification of 
Biira or B&,da I am not sure of. Major Macpherson tells us that B6ra Pen, 
the Kandh god, means the ' god of light . .' I was credibly informed that the 
Gonds of Sirguja formerly offered human sacrifices to Bfira Deo." 
Mr. Glasfurd, 48-52, remarks about the religion of the tribes in Bustar 
as follows : "The Mooreas, Bhuttras, Dhakurs, Gudwas, Marias, &c., all 
