132 
ON THE ORIGINAL INHABITANTS 
doutt the prejudices of caste by assigning to the detested 
offspring of such persons a despised rank, does not explain 
the ethnological position of the original Candalas.^" The 
late Eev. Dr. John Wilson was, so far as I know, the first 
to recognize in the Candalas the Kandaloi of Ptolemy. 
The name of the Candalas has great similarity with that 
of the Rajput Oandels (whose Grond origin is an admitted 
fact), Candax, Candaks, and Candanis, and others. The 
Candalas prevail in the Gaudian districts of the North, for, 
of the 1,779,047 Candalas who appear in the Indian Census 
report, 173,532 live in Assam, 1,576,076 in Bengal, and 
29,439 in the Central Provinces. 
Konda is even now a name common to Candalas, so that 
their original identity with the Gond race is likewise sug- 
gssted by this circumstance. 
I must also not omit to allude hereto the Kuntalas (Kon- 
talas), Kundnlaa and other tribes who are mentioned in 
Sanskrit writings. The famous capital Kundina (Kundina- 
pura) where Bhisma or Bhismaka held liis court, so celebrated 
Compare ManavadharmaSastra, X, 12 : 
Sudradayogavah ksatt-a candalas cadhamo nrnam. 
Vai§yarajanyaviprasu jayante varnasankai-ah. 
About th.e Candalas compare also Mahdbhdrata, Anusasanaparva, "2621, 
and J. Muir's Sanskrit Texts, vol. I, p. 481. 
Consult also the Memoirs of the Origin of Slaves, by Ramappa Karnik cf 
Barkur, translated and annotated by Mr. Joseph Saldanba, Court Sheristadar 
at Mangalore, and printed by Dr. Shortt in the IV Part of The Htll Ranges 
of Southern India, pp. 15-37; p. 17 : " Sub -division of Chandalas . .The 
Chaudalas are subdivided as follows : a. Hanibat^u- or Famuiadas, b. Panax, 
c. Hasalar, d. Paravar, e. Belar or Medaiiir, /. Battad;u-, g. Jlenir, 
/(. Karajar, i. Asadi, J. Holeya, Ic. Madiga, I. Bakada with thi-ee 
sub-divisions, I. Chujana Bikada, II. Turibina Bakada, III. Goddina 
Bakada, m. Nuliga, «. Kappita Koi-agar, o. Soppina Koragar. (This class 
speak a language peculiar to themselves which they won't give out under 
any circunistance.s.)" 
The Hindu Law recognizes fifteen different classes of Slaves or Capdalas. 
6' Read Dr. John Wilson's Indian Caste, vol. I, p. 57: "A ChSiidala, the 
lowest of mortals, wlioso tribe is recognized by Ptolemy as that of the Eandali 
or Gondali, on the river Tapti, perhaps the Gonds— adjoining the Phyllitae 
of the same author, identitiedas the Bhiils — or the Gomihalis, still a wander- 
ing tribe of the Maharashtra." 
