OF BHARATAVAUSA OR INDIA. 
209 
selves. The circumstances, however, are now changed, and 
the Kallas in Pudukota are no longer the dread of their 
neighbours. 
Among the Kurumbas of the Mandayam Taluk are found 
the following nine divisions : the Pal, Hande, Mullu, Kambali, 
Sdda, Jaeddu, Somamra, Bestvdra and Adityavdra Kurumbas. 
These last three designations appear like nick-names, for 
they are peculiarly enough names of days of the week. 
Besides these there are mentioned the Kurumbas, whose 
name Buchanan connects with kolli, fire, but whom others 
call Kdli'Kurubas or Kalle-Kurubas after the Goddess Kali. 
The Nelli Kurumbas (?) ; the Asil Kurumbas (? from asal, 
pure) ; the Koti Kurumbas (? perhaps from koti, monkey) ; 
the Sdmanta Kurumbas (? connected with the Sanskrit word 
sdmanta in the meaning of chief) ; the Murhindina Kurumbas 
(? of three groups), whose name reminds one of the Mund- 
padi and Yclpadi sections of the Betta Kurumbas in Kurg, 
who belong to three or to seven hamlets, according to Rev. 
Gr. Richter's Compendium, p. 13. It is very doubtful whether 
the Pania Kurumbas, who inhabit the Nilagiri mountains 
and whom Rev. F. Metz counts among the Kurumbas, 
should be regarded as Kurumbas. The other Kurumbas do 
not treat them at all like relations ; nor do they, and this is 
a point of importance, inspire the other native tribes with 
that superstitious fear, which renders the ITuUu and Ndyaka 
Kurumbas so terrible. They also do not resemble the other 
Kurumbas in their outward appearance. Their abject 
state of servitude (hence their name pania, from pani, work) 
would not absolutely militate against their being Kurumbas, 
though these people have generally contrived to maintain a 
certain amount of freedom, for the Curumbalun or Catalun 
of the Km-umbaranadu in Malabar were, according to Dr. 
Buchanan's description, held in slavery."^ 
The Kurumbas are said to belong to the JIavyaka Grotra, 
"1 See note 105 on pp. 201, 202. 
