OF BHARATAVARSA OR INDIA. 
213 
king) or Padmanna as his disciple and alienated him from 
Jainism. Siva is revered under various forms, most frequently 
as Bhairava, but also as Virabhadra, and the temple of the 
god ^ B'lra on Curibetta' is most probably his shrine."^ 
Ejuruppa I take to be Irulappan^ the god of darkness ; 
Barama Deva is perhaps Brahma if not Paramesvara Dur- 
gawa, Yacani {Yaltsani or more correctly Taksini), Mayava 
(Mayava) and Musni (?) are mentioned as the deities revered 
by the Kurumbas ; and Durga, Mayava and Musni are wor- 
shipped as the wives of Siva. In Kurg the monster Kuttadam- 
ma or Karinkdli (black Kali) is revered by the Kurumbas. 
It seems that Sakti, as well as JBhilta or demon- worship 
exists in some Kurumba communities, though the authorities 
do not agree with respect to the Bhutacult.^^" 
Mama is not adored by the Kurumbas, and Dharmardja, 
the favorite deit)' of the Pallis and other Dravidian races, 
shares the same fate, which fact mast be regarded as very 
significant. 
The Mackenzie Collection contains an interesting descrip- 
tion of the manner in which Virabhadra is worshipped by the 
Idaiya Kurumbas who belong to the Yadava race.^^^ Vira- 
bhadra is generally regarded as an Avatara of Siva, who, 
according to the Visnupurana, proceeded from the mouth 
of Siva to spoil the sacrifice of Daksa, and who is described 
as " a divine being with a thousand heads, a thousand eyes, 
ii' See p. 201 n. 105, and Dr. Buchanan's Travels, vol. I, pp. 275, 312, 
389 ; vol. II, pp. 435, 436. 
i'8 See pp. 200, 201 n. 105, and Dr. Buchanan's Travels, vol. I, p. 381 ; 
vol. II, p. 436. 
1" See pp. 201 n. 105, 206 n. 108, and Dr. Buchanan's Travels, vol. 
II, p. 436, and Rev. G. Richter's Ethnographical Coynpendiutn, p. 13. 
120 See pp. 201 n. 105, 206 n. 105, and Dr. Buchanan's Travels, vol. I, 
p. 271 ; vol. II, p. 381, and Rev. G. Richter's Ethnogr. Compend., p. 13. 
See p. 198 n. 105, and Dr. Buchanan's Travels, vol. I, p. 276. 
i"See Mackenzie Collection, No. 9, CM. 763, XIT, in the new copy, 
vol. IV, pp. 76, f£., and Rev. W. Ta}'Ior's Catalogue Raisonne, vol. Ill, pp. 
368, 369. 
28 
