14 
From the presence of the remains above mentioned of men, deer, oxen, 
and the absence of those of the larger mammals such as the Mammoth, 
Rhinoceros, Hyaena, &c, the further inferences seem to he necessary that 
the latter had become extinct before the commencement of the subsidence 
and that their remains would be found, if found at all, in the tin ground 
or in its contemporaneous gravel. If so the deposit of tin ore must 
represent the wear and tear of a very long period and the subsequent over- 
lying deposits must be the production of a period comparatively very short. 
This latter must belong to a late portion of the human era for man is now 
known to have co-existed with the older fauna of the gravel. Great 
geological changes must have occurred in the county since he took posses- 
sion of it, of which this subsidence to the extent of 60 feet seems to have 
been the latest and to be so recent that it is hardly possible to suppose, 
as some have done, that since it took place elevation has again set in and 
that the raised beaches that fringe the coast are more modern than the 
peat. On the contrary it seems far more likely that they are the older of 
the two and belong to the age of the formation of the tin ground rather 
than to that of the ensuing subsidence. 
SECTIONAL 
On the Subsidence which has occurred in the South Western 
Counties op England during the Recent Period. Second Paper. 
By E. W. Claypole, B.A., B.Sc, Lond. 
Head at the Sectional Meeting, January Ylth, 1872. 
Two years ago I read a paper before the Geological Section on " Some 
of the Evidences leading to the belief that Subsidence has occurred in the 
south-west counties of England during recent times."* In that paper my 
object was not to prove, what few now doubt, that such subsidence has 
taken place, but to shew that this subsidence was the last of the movements 
to which this part of the country has been subject, and that any elevation 
* See Vol. V. Part 1., 1870. 
