OF BHARATAVARSA OR INDIA, 
41 
and stubborn resistance warned the Aryans not to drive to 
despair the various chieftains who had retreated to their 
mountain strongholds. The bravery of the Dasas excited 
the admiration of their opponents. Indra himself occasion- 
ally protects the Dasas, the Aryan priest deigns to accept 
his offering, and the divine Asvins partake even of his food. 
Though both the terms Dasyu and Ddsa originally denote a 
destroyer, at times a malevolent superhuman being, and at 
times in contrast to Arya, an enemy of the gods or a wicked 
man, and are in this sense specially applied to the aboriginal 
races who stood outside the Brahmanical pale, yet the 
expression Ddsa continued to be contemptuously used by one 
Aryan against another, till it became in time equivalent to 
a common menial or slave. 
Division between Gaudians and Dravidians. 
The foemen whom the Aryans first encountered were 
generally brave mountaineers who offered a stout resistance 
in their numerous castles. Indeed, most tribal names of the 
inhabitants of India will be shown to refer to mountains. 
The two special Glauda-Dravidian terms for mountain are 
tnah (malai, par, pdrdi, &c.) and ko (konda, kuru, kiinru, 
kora, &c.). Both kinds of expressions are widely used and 
prevail throughout India. Hence are derived the names of 
the Mallus, Mdlas, Mdlavas, Malayas,^ &c., and of the Koyis, 
Kodiilu, Kondas, Gondas, Gaiidas, Kuruvan, &c. I shall iu 
future call those tribes whose names are derived from mala 
Dravidians, and those whose names are derived from ko 
Gaudians. 
' Concerning the single and double I which is found respectively in Mala- 
ya, Malla and in their derivatives, it should be considered that the Dravidian 
languages do not possess fixed orthographical rules regarding proper names 
and that single and double letters are often used indifferently. A moun- 
taineer is thus generally described in South-India as Malayan or Malaiynn, 
while Mallan also denotes an inhabitant ot a mountainous district. 
