54 
OiS" THE OKIGliS'AL INHABITAJsTS 
used by Vaisnavas is the well-known Tiruvdy Moli. Tiravay 
was eventually changed to Taravdy, which is now generally 
used in the sense of Veda- reading. The word Ottu does thus 
in Malayalam signify Yeda and Yeda-reading. The tint of 
TiruvuUankodu has been similarly changed to ira in Travan- 
eore, both alterations — Dravida and Travancore — being no 
doubt due to the same Aryan influence. From Dramala to 
Dramila, Damila and Tamil is a short step, unless Tamil is 
directly derived from Tirumala. Dramila, Di-amida and 
Dravida are Aryan corruptions of Tirumala and found 
re-admission into the South-Indian languages as foreign 
expressions, whose signification was forgotten and defied 
explanation. I recognize the name Tirumala also in the 
Tamala or Damala of Ddmalavarnhhayam near Tdndamahga- 
lam in the Trichinopoly district. Pandamangalam is regarded 
as the old capital of the former kings, among whom the name 
Tirimmla did not unfrequently occur. Ubhayam (s-uivil) 
is anything offered or devoted to religious pui-poses, and 
Ddmalavanihhayam denotes therefore the offering of the 
Tirumala people, var being used as the affix of the Tamil 
pi'onoun of the third person plm-al. Tirumalardja is in 
■colloquial Telugu often called Tiramalardyalu, as Tiriipafi 
becomes Tirapati. Like Ddmalararuhliaija»} might be men- 
tioned Ddmalaceruini in North-Arcot, Ddmal in Chingleput, 
Dainalapddi in Tanjore and others. I have been informed on 
^ood authority that the last place is to this day also known 
as Tirumalapadi. Yet, my derivation of Tirumala does not 
require the support of the etymology of these names. 
Another but rarer form of Dramila is Driinila, which is 
derived from Tini>nila, as Tripati from Tirupafi, Triko^'il for 
Tirukovil, or Trikal for Tirukdl. The fact of the term Tamil 
being the ultimate derivative from Tirumala (^Tramala) and 
denoting a special Dravitliau dialect will perhaps servo in 
futm-e researches as an historical clue for fixing the period 
when the various vernaculars of Southern India became sepa- 
