OF BHAEATAVAKSA OR INDIA. 
91 
This dissension must have seriously affected, for some 
time at least, the agricultural, mechanical, and commercial 
interests of the country, for, as both parties were stubborn, 
a great deal of inconvenience must have been felt, till each 
party was able to supply its own wants. The right-hand side 
had in these circumstances to seek a fresh supply of artisans 
until the necessary knowledge was acquired by men in its 
own ranks. Some who joined it were perhaps deserters from 
1809, specifies the different people of both hands, gives their emblems, flags 
and instruments, and fixes certain privileges. 
I have applied to the Court and gone to Chingleput with the express 
purpose to obtain a copy of this important judgment from the District 
Court, but it could not be found among the records, though many decisions 
of less consequence and of earlier years are still extant. 
However, through the exertions of ]\Ir. A. Krishnasvamy Iyer, b.a., an 
official of the Accountant -General's Office, and a much esteemed former 
pupil of mine, I have been able to secure a Tamil manuscript copy of the 
judgment. On the right hand are enumerated the Veldlar and Kavaraikal 
with the following insignia : white umbrella, white flag, curved fan, chowry, 
arukutivatti, plough, plough-flag, monkey-flag, cuckoo-flag, parrot-flag, 
beU, conch, wheel stick, big-drum, green, blue lotus garland, Atti flag, 
Tavantai, trumpet ; 2, Vatuka Veldlar (Northern or Telugu Vellalar) with 
swan flag; 3, Reddikal -^itla. plough flag; i, Kammavdrukal (agricultural 
labourers) with bull-flag ; 5, Kontalavarkal with chakora flag ; 6, Nattamdn 
with Ali flag ; 7 Malaiyamdn with Aritdla or Sritala flag ; 8 Komattikal 
(merchants) with cotton-flag, Makaratoranam-Araxa., Vimumaj'ir, I^imuracu; 
9, (shepherds) with wheel; 10, Vatuka Itaiyar (Telugu shepherds) 
with conch; 11, Kaimitaiyar (Kanarese shepherds), with tent, . . . five- 
coloured flag ; 12, Patmacdliyar (weavers) with tiger vehicle, male tiger flag ; 
13, Patti(edHyar (silk weavers) with two-headed bird flag ; 14, Vatukaceni- 
yar (northern weavers) with jasmine flag, Nakapacam, five-coloured flag ; 15, 
rar (Telugu weavers) with crocodile ; 16, Kannitaiya-Chiiyar (Kana- 
rese weavers) with wild jasmine garland, big eagle flag, Vicurutantai ; 17, 
Pa<.«««!t;^(fm)' (silk thread weavers) with silk flag; 18, Ce?a?' (weavers) with 
tortoise flag, and KoUnci flag ; 19, Cekkuvdniyar (oilpress mongers) vnfh 
cedaiceti (centu-tontu), eUuraci, sesamum-leaf garland, garuda-flag, drum ; 
20, Ilaivdniyar (leaf oil mongers) with kovai-garland, drum, cuckoo flag ; 21, 
Ontierutu vdnniyar (one bullock oil mongers) with five-coloured parrot flag ; 
22, Jamppar (hemp dressers) with chowry flag ; 23, Mucciyar (painters, &c.,) 
with makara flag ; 24, Kdnciyar (braziers) with Poti flag ; 25, Vetakdrar 
(basketmakers) with Cikkiri flag, wooden-legged horse, sword flag; 26, Nari 
cokiyar (Fox-beggars) with dog flag ; 27, Tamil Kucavar (potters), Vatuka 
Kucavar (Telugu potters), Kuca Kanakkar ; 28, Melakkdrar (flooters) with 
drum flag ; 29, Natticvar (dancing masters) with cymbal flag ; 30, Ddcikal 
