OF BHARATAVARSA OR INDIA. 
133 
the Dra vidian root al, to rule. If we admit tliat names in 
common use are more subject to change than other words, 
the alteration from dndavan to dndiyan can be easily accounted 
for. Yet even this modification is not absolutely necessary, 
as dndiyan can also be formed by adding the pronominal 
affix an to dndi?'^ 
The root dl is also used in the formation of other similar 
words, in Vdlldla [Vellala), Balldla, Bhilldla, &c., and 
indicates a person of influence among or a lord of the Vallas, 
Ballas, and Bhillas, which names were originally identical 
with the name of the Pallas. 
The Vellalan is thus the territorial lord of the despised 
Pallan, and though both were originally intimately connected 
with each other, the institution of caste seems to have parted 
them for good. The relation of the Pallan to the Vellalan 
was that of serf to the owner of the soil, like what existed 
in Riissia, where both, serf and master, belong to the same 
nation. The abbreviated form of Vellalan is Vellal. It is 
dialectically changed in Kanarese into Belldl and is applied 
to the landowning agricidturist of Kanara. The Toda words 
Pdlal, the milkman or priest, and Kdvildl, herdsman, are 
similarly formed. Vellalan is also contracted into Vellan. 
derivation of vala in Tiruvalangadu from tlie Sanskrit word valaya, bracelet, 
and tlie legend connected with this valaya as a later invention. 
Some time ago advised by a friend I visited Guduvdnceri, a small station 
on the South-Indian Railway, between Pallavaram and Ghingleput, in 
search of some old tombs. Nobody in Guduvaficeri was acquainted with 
these remains. I found them on the slope of a hill near the hamlet 
Vallanceri, whence the old now deserted village Pallanc6ri was pointed out 
to me. I was further told that Guduvaficeri was fonnerly called Putuvaficeri 
or New Vanceri. In this case VaBceri should be regarded as a contraction 
of Vajjlanceri. 
Sir A. Cunningham identifies in vol. IX, p. 56 of the Arch. Surv. of 
India, Bdndogarh with the Balantipurgon of Ptolemy ; and this derivation is 
repeated in vol. XXI, p. 92 : " Mr. CarLIeyle also suggests that Ptolemj-'s 
" fort of Balantipurgon, which I have identified with Bando-garh, may have 
" derived its name fi'om the Balands." 
See note 16 about Subrahmanya being called Palani Andi or Pulani 
Andaiar. 
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