IN SOUTHERN INDIA. 
175 
of the date in the four corners^ and occasionally St. Cathe- 
rine's wheel, while in the more modern issues the value of 
the piece appears (Nos. 40 and 41). 
It is worthy of note that in no instance do the Indo- 
Portuguese coins bear any inscription or word in a native 
language, a custom followed, as we shall presently see, by 
every other nation more or less (except the Danes), who 
struck money for circulation in India. It will be observed 
further that a large number of Portuguese coins, especially 
those in the baser metals, bear initial letters or abbreviations 
which cannot fail to be somewhat perplexing to the beginner. 
I have already given those which stand for the mint towns 
and now append a list of other abbreviations of common 
occurrence, taken chiefly from the readings of Dr. da Cunhii. 
A.P. orAP .. 
. . Portuguese Asia. 
P.P. or P.P. . . 
Portugalise Pex. 
P. ET. AE. . . 
Portugalise et Algarbiorum 
Pex. 
F. II 
. . Filippe II. 
I. V 
Joao V. 
I. H. S. V. .. 
. . "In hoc signo vinces." 
BCCO. 
Bazarucco. 
S. TOME 
. . St. Thom6 (a coin worth 
four rupees). 
X. or X 
Xei-afin (a coin of 300 
reis). 
M. T. 
Meia Tanga. 
T. or T. T. 
One Tanga. 
Numeral alone , . 
The value of the coin in 
reis. 
" "As it was on the 2.5th of November 1510 when it (' Goa') became 
"subjected for the second time to the Portuguese sway, and as that day is 
" dedicated in the Roman calendar to the memory of the celebrated virgin and 
" martyr of Alexandria, St. Catherine, she was chosen for the patroness of the 
' ' city ; a church or rather a chapel was immediately raised in her honor, which 
' ' still exists, and in which every year her festival and the anniversary of the 
" victory of the Portuguese are celebrated with the greatest solemnity by the 
"Franciscan friars." — (deKloguen's " Historical Sketch of Goa,") 
