TRIBUTE. 
551 
ones with more. The native negro population of Waday 
Proper have not to pay any cattle or tokaki (strips of 
cotton), except at the special request of the king ; but cer- 
tainly with them also the various character of the produc- 
tions of their district, and the wealth they possess, are taken 
into account; the Sungori, for instance, whose excellent race 
of horses I have mentioned above, are said to pay every year 
a tribute of one hundred horses ; and the tribute of the 
Gemir and the Tynjur is entirely confined to rice — wild 
rice — with which they have to supply the household of 
the king. 
As for the Arabs, besides the general tribute or kaffala 
mentioned above, they have to give to the king himself the 
" noba," that is to say, once in three years, every four men, 
one cow; and on each holiday, every encampment has to 
furnish a young cow; and besides this, they are greatly 
annoyed by the expensive dhiyafa, which, as I have stated 
above, they have to present to the agid-el-birsh on his annual 
visit, while on the whole it is well known that the Waday 
people keep the Arabs settled in their country in very strict 
subjection, and do not allow them to collect any considerable 
property for themselves. As for the Mahamid, they pay their 
tribute entirely in camels, and are said to make up every third 
year the number of one thousand camels, while the 'Abidiye, 
who have very little cattle for themselves, but breed cattle for 
the king, they have to pay their tribute in butter. 
With respect to the indigenous tribes in the outlying 
provinces of Waday Proper, the tribute or divan imposed 
upon them varies greatly. For example, the Dajo have to 
give 1000 tokaki, besides honey, wherein consists the whole 
regular tribute paid by the provinces of Daggel, Kebait, and of 
the Bandala ; while Silla, besides honey, has to furnish a cer- 
tain number of handsome female slaves ; and Runga, in addi- 
tion to a certain quantity of this favourite article (viz. honey), 
100 large elephants' teeth every year, or half of the value in 
slaves. The tribute of Gull a, and of the adjacent pagan 
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