128 
ZOOLOGY: L. C. WYMAN 
Proc. N. a. S- 
other lesions in themselves sufficiently grave to have caused death, had 
there been no associated tuberculosis. On the basis of this grouping it is 
found that five of the six indices (namely all those involving heart or spleen 
or both) show large and significant differences as between the two groups. 
These differences everywhere are of the sort which would arise if the effect 
of fatal tuberculosis was to lower the absolute weight of the heart and in- 
crease that of the spleen. The significance of these results, as well as 
that of the differences in mean age at death in the two groups will be dis- 
cussed in the detailed paper, which will appear in the Reports of the Johns 
Hopkins Hospital. 
The work is being continued with other pathological groups, and it is 
believed will become more interesting and significant as we become able 
to compare the results from different types of lesions. 
1 Papers from the Department of Biometry and Vital Statistics, School of Hygiene 
and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, No. 58. 
THE EFFECT OF ETHER UPON THE MIGRATION OF THE SCALE 
PIGMENT AND THE RETINAL PIGMENT IN THE FISH, FUNDU- 
LUS HETEROCLITUS 
By LbIvAnd C. Wyman 
Zoological Laboratory, Harvard University 
Communicated April 25, 1922 
When an adult Fundulus is etherized the pigment in the scale melano- 
phores shows a complete distal migration and the fish becomes dark in 
color. In this respect ether produces an effect the reverse of adrenalin. 
But adrenalin not only causes a proximal migration of the scale pigment; 
it induces a distal migration of the retinal pigment (Gilson, '22). Does 
ether also influence the retinal pigment and, if so, is its effect on that 
pigment the reverse of that of adrenalin? To test this question Fundulus 
was etherized either in the dark or in the light and its eyes prepared for 
study. Fish that had been some time in the light were etherized by al- 
lowing a stream of 5% ether to drip upon the gills from ten to fifteen 
minutes. Before etherization the scale melanophores showed a complete 
proximal migration of the pigment granules. Within one to four minutes 
after the application of ether had begun the melanophores were in a state 
of complete distal migration. At the end of ten or fifteen minutes the ani- 
mals were killed and the eyes were prepared. The same procedure was 
carried out upon fish that had been kept in the dark. 5% ether was also 
applied to both light and dark fish by immersing the body as far as the gills 
in the ether solution for twenty or thirty minutes after which their eyes 
were prepared. The scale melanophores of light fish which were immersed 
