Chap. XXV. 
ROSE-OIL. —COPPER. 
141 
value of the rose-oil which is annually imported in 
considerable quantity, and, being a dear article, forms 
also an important one ; but very little of it comes 
into the general trade, almost all of it being disposed 
of privately to the princes and great men, or given 
to them in presents. I am inclined to estimate the 
value of this article imported at about forty millions. 
Tin and many other smaller articles may together 
be estimated at ten millions. 
In the trade of Kano there is another very inter- 
esting article, which tends to unite very distant 
regions of Africa; this is copper — " ja-n-karfi." A 
good deal of old copper — say fifty loads, together 
with about twenty loads of zinc — is imported from 
Tripoli ; but a considerable supply of this useful and 
handsome metal is also imported every year by the 
Jellaba of Nfmro in Waday, who bring it from the 
celebrated copper-mine, " el hofra," situate to the 
south of Dar-Fur, of which I shall have occasion to 
speak in the following volume. * I estimate the whole 
import of this metal at about from fifteen to twenty 
millions ; but it is to be remarked that, so far from 
being to the disadvantage of the Kanawa, it proves a 
new material of industry, while only the smaller part 
remains in the country. 
* I will here only mention, that the profit on the copper for 
the Jellaba, if they do not go themselves to the hofra, but buy it 
in Dar-Fur, is as follows : — In Fur they buy the kantar of 
copper for one sedashi (slave), equal to the value of a kantar of 
ivory, and sell it in Kukawa for 4000 rottls, equal to two kantars 
of ivory. In Kano the price is about the same. 
