ROUTE FROM KANO' TO ZANDER. 
559 
as I had myself repeatedly sufficient occasion to become ac- 
quainted with this tract from my own observations. The 
route by Khadeja has been united with my own route. 
I first give the route from Kano to Zinder, the north- 
westernmost place of the empire of Bornu, by way of Ka- 
zaure : — 
1st day. Makoda, a large open place, consisting of cottages 
with clay walls and thatched roofs. The country 
level and densely inhabited. Arrive about the aser. 
2nd. Kazaure, residence of the governor Dambo, formerly 
in direct dependence upon Sokoto, but at present in 
a certain degree of subordination to Kano. The 
town is surrounded with a clay wall, and but thinly 
inhabited. A market is held every Monday. The 
neighbourhood of the town is rocky, and the country 
intervening between Kazaure and Makoda thickly 
covered with wood, without cultivation or an in- 
habited spot. 
3rd. Mazannia, a large place surrounded with a " keffi " or 
stockade, said to be larger than Tasawa; but the 
government of the town is generally divided, half 
of it belonging to Daura, and the other half to 
Bornu. 
4th. Magariya, a large, place with a keffi, only about fifteen 
miles from the former. The surrounding country all 
covered with forest. 
5th. Zinder, about aser. There are no villages on the road 
except near Zinder. 
I now add the road from Kazaure to Daura, and from Daura 
to Zinder. Keeping in a north-westerly direction from Ka- 
zaure, you reach on the first day, about aser, Sandamu, an 
ancient town of considerable size, but with few inhabitants, 
and enter, on the following day, the town of Daura, about 
two o'clock in the afternoon. The town of Daura, which, as 
I have observed (p. 72.), is one of the oldest, if not the very 
