FROM KANO' TO THE BE'NUWE'. 561 
3rd. About aser arrive at Baki, a large place surrounded 
with a"keffi." 
4th. Before noon arrive in Zmder. There are no villages 
on this road. 
I now proceed to give the routes from Kano towards the 
Benuwe, which has been called Tshadda or Chadda in its 
lower course, merely from mistake, I think, while it has several 
other names. Zariya, or Zozo, the capital of the province 
of Zegzeg, was visited by Clapperton on his second journey ; 
and its latitude can be laid down with certainty, its longitude 
with approximate correctness.* From this place some im- 
portant routes, very frequently taken by native traders, and 
even sometimes by enterprising Arabs, branch off towards 
the places in the vicinity of the above-mentioned river. On 
the other hand, we have now, by Mr. Vogel's observations, 
the exact position of Yakoba, the capital of the province 
Bolobolo, or Bauchi, and therefore generally called " Garu- 
n-Bauchi ; " so that the most important places between Kano 
and the river can be laid down with tolerable exactness. I 
will here only remark, that the general features of my hydro- 
graphical sketch of this district in 1852 have been entirely 
confirmed by Mr. Vogel's observations, from which, although 
they are as yet very insufficiently known, it is clear that the 
central part of Bauchi, in which Yakoba is situated, is a high 
rocky plateau, the central ridge of which evidently forms the 
water-parting of the various rivers in opposite directions — the 
head-waters of the komadugu of Bornu (generally called 
Yeou) towards the east, the Kaduna and Gurara (the Rari of 
Richard Lander), which unite near Birni-n-Gwari, towards the 
west, and a branch of the Benuwe, running first to the east 
and then turning southwards. The two most important 
* Zariya has been recently (end of 1855) visited by Mr. Vogel ; 
but his astronomical observations have not yet been received. 
However, it appears from what he says, that all the water here- 
around is drained toward the Kwara, and not towards the ko- 
madugu of Bornu. 
VOL. II. O O 
