from the Coal Measures of Torhane-hill. 
55 
Did you use direct or transmitted light in these examinations ? — I used 
generally transmitted light, but I also viewed some specimens by direct 
light. 
Re-examined hy Mr. Neaves. — There are several drawings here. Did 
you examine a great many more cuttings than these drawings ? — A great 
number. 
How many more, do you know ? — I cannot tell the number of the sec- 
tions of Torbanehill ; at all events, some eight or ten, besides sections of 
other coal. 
And then made a drawing of these ? — Yes, as being average specimens . 
Did you see some of these sections made ? — Yes, these were the sections 
made under my direction by Mr. Glen. 
The Methil section? — I cannot say I saw it made in the sense that 
I saw the whole process gone through, but it was done for me, by my di- 
rection, from a piece of Methil coal. 
Lord Fresident. — Did you see Mr. Glen make some of the sections ? — I 
should rather say that the sections I allude to were made under my direc- 
tion, and were authenticated by me at the time. 
Mr. Neaves. — In the other sections of the Torbanehill mineral which 
you have examined besides this, did you find the same appearances ? — The 
same appearances. 
I forget what you said as to this yellow part of No. 28 ? — I considered 
that to be a cellular structure. 
The yellow part included ? — Yes. 
This cellular tissue is a magnified appearance of the separate individual 
cells ? — Yes. 
With the view of showing that they were at larger power ? — These are 
cells which occur in these coals, and they are separated the one from the 
other. We took magnified drawings of them. 
Occurring at Boghead ? — Yes, and on the others. 
And besides showing those things, you formed an opinion of what they 
were ? — Yes. 
That they were the indications of vegetable cellular structure? — 
Certainly. 
Lord President. — That is, the appearances in the mineral seams ? — Yes. 
Mr. Neaves. — Including the Torbanehill ? — Yes. 
And of that yellow part of the representation of the Torbanehill 
mineral ? — I believe it to represent vegetable cells. 
In these plants I suppose the structure is but imperfectly understood ? 
— I may say we do not know it so completely as we know all the plants 
of the present day. 
The cells may be longer or shorter ? — Yes. 
They vary in their form ? — Yes. 
And that may affect the longitudinal appearance of the cells ? — Yes. 
I do not understand you to say that this is the mere impression of a 
foreign fossil, but the actual structure of the mineral at that place ? — 
Certainly. 
Dean of Faculty. — The individual plant is there lying in the mineral ? 
— The structure of the plant — not the entire plant. 
A part of a fossil plant is seen there ? — Yes. 
Mr. Neaves. — Forming a part of the coal ? — Yes. 
Dean of Faculty. — I understand. Dr. Balfour, that there is a part of 
the fossil plant here lying imbedded in something or other ? — It is a quite 
dissimilar part as regards the appearance. 
The plant must be there in order to give it that appearance ? — It must 
be the structure appearing so distinctly as to be seen there. 
