THE EASTERN RED-FOOTED KESTRIL. 219 
in number, are a rich reddish brown, very little of the ground-colour 
being visible. 
The Kestril procured by my men at Malewoon is rather richly coloured, 
and probably belongs to the race which Mr. Blyth named T. saturatus. It 
does not, however, in my opinion, differ from Indian birds except in this 
particular point of rich coloration. 
590. TINNUNCULUS AMURENSIS. 
THE EASTERN RED-FOOTED KESTRIL. 
Falco vespertinus, var. amurensis, Radde, Reis. Amurl., Vog. p. 230, pi. i. 
fig. 2, a, h, c. Cerchneis amurensis, Shmye, Cat. Birds B. Mus. i. p. 445 ; 
id. S. F. iii. p. 303; Legge, S. F. iii. p. 362 ; id. Birds Ceylon, p. 119 ; Hume, S. F. 
viii. p. 81 ; Inglis, S. F. ix. p. 243 ; Butler, S. F. ix. p. 371 ; Oates, S. F. x. 
p. 178. Erythropus amurensis, Hume, S. F. ii. p. 527, v. p. 6 ; Gurney, 
Ibis, 1882, p. 148. Erythropus vespertinus, apud Hume, S. F. iii. p. 22 ; 
Wald. in Bl. B. Burm. p. 59. Falco amurensis, David et Oust. Ois. Chine^ 
p. 34. 
Description. — Adult male. The whole upper plumage and sides of the 
head leaden black ; the wings and tail more ashy, the outer webs of the 
quills and the outermost coverts washed with silvery grey ; chin, throat, 
sides of the neck, breast, abdomen and sides of the body slaty ; lower part 
of abdomen, vent, thighs and under tail-coverts chestnut ; under wing- 
coverts and axillaries white. 
The adult female has the whole upper plumage ashy brown, blacker on 
the head and back, more ashy on the upper tail- and wing-coverts, the 
whole with indistinct black cross bars ; tail ashy, with numerous narrow 
black bars, the terminal one broader than the others ; wings brown, the 
quills barred with white on the inner webs ; forehead whitish ; feathers 
round the eyes and cheeks blackish ; chin, throat, ear-coverts and sides of 
the neck white ; breast, abdomen and sides of the body white tinged with 
rufous, and with broad black streaks on the breast and abdomen, turning 
to bar-like marks on the sides of the body ; vent, thighs and under tail- 
coverts pale buff with a tinge of rufous ; under wing-coverts and axillaries 
white, barred with black. 
The young are like the adult female in general appearance ; but the 
feathers of the upper plumage are margined indistinctly with rufous, and 
there is an obscure rufous collar round the hind neck ; the lower plumage 
is also considerably brighter. 
Iris hazel ; eyelids and bare skin orange ; bill dark orange, black at the 
tip ; tarsi and feet dark orange. {Gurney.) 
