294 
BIUDS OF BRITISH BURMAH. 
654. TURTUR HUMILIS. 
THE EASTERN RUDDY RING-DOVE. 
Columba humilis, Temm. PI. Col. 258. Turtur humilis, Jerd. B. Ind. ii. 
p. 482 (part.) ; Hume, Nests and Eggs, p. 507 (part.) ; id. S. F. ii. p. 269, iii. 
p. 165, iv. p. 292 ; Armstrong, S. F. iv. p. 338 ; Wald. Trans. Zool. Soc. ix. 
p. 219 ; David et Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 388 ; Hume 8f Dav. S. F. vi. p. 423 ; Hume, 
S. F. viii. p. 110 ; Bingham, S. F. ix. p. 194 ; Oates, S. F. x. p. 235. Turtur 
tranquebaricus apud Bl. B. Burm. p. 145. Turtur humilior, Hume, Proc. 
As. Soc. Beng. 1874, p. 241 ; id. 8. F. iii. p. 279. 
Description. — Male. Forehead, crown, nape, hind neck, sides of the head 
and cheeks ashy ; a black collar on the hind neck immediately next the 
ashy ; rump and upper tail-coverts darker ashy ; chin white ; throat, breast, 
abdomen, sides of the neck, back, scapulars, wing-coverts^ tertiaries and 
outer webs of the secondaries vinous-red ; remainder of the wing dark ashy; 
under wing-coverts, sides of the body, lower abdomen and vent ashy ; under 
tail-coverts white ; central tail-feathers ashy brown ; the others dark ashy, 
broadly tipped with white, the white also occupying all the outer web of 
the outermost feathers. 
The female has the black collar of the male ; but the head and the whole 
upper plumage are brown ; the lower plumage is rufous-grey where vinous- 
red in the male. 
Iris dark brown ; eyelids plumbeous ; bill black ; legs vinaceous brown ; 
claws black ; the joints of the scales on the legs white. 
Length 9*5 inches, tail 4, wing 5*5, tarsus "8, bill from gape -75. The 
female is of the same size. 
The present species differs from the allied T. tranquebaricus of India in 
having the plumage of a deeper red, the under wing-coverts dark ash 
instead of ashy white, and in having the head and rump darker in colour. 
The Eastern Ruddy Ring-Dove is universally distributed over the Pro- 
vince ; and Capt. Wardlaw Ramsay observed it in Karennee. 
It extends north as far as Cachar, but is replaced in India by T. tranque- 
baricus. It ranges into China, Cochin China, and the Malay peninsula, 
and is found in the Philippine Islands. 
The habits of this Dove are somewhat different from those of the pre- 
ceding species : it is generally met with in flocks ; and it affects well -wooded 
localities only, feeding under the shade of trees more frequently than in 
the open. I have never obtained the nest in Burmah ; but this Dove will 
probably be found to breed throughout the dry season, making, as its ally 
does in India, a small nest of twigs in the outer branches of large trees, 
and laying two eggs. 
