THE WOOD-SANDPIPER. 
401 
Genus TOTANUS, Bechst. 
742. TOTANUS GLAREOLA. 
THE WOOD-SANDPIPER. 
Tringa glareola, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 677. Actitis glareola, Jerd. B. Ind. ii. 
p. 697 ; Bl. B. Burm. p. 155 ; Artnstrong, S. F. iv. p. 344. Totanus glareola, 
Salvad. Ucc. Born. p. 327; Hume, S. F. iii, p. 183; David et Oust. Ois. Chine, 
p. 464; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 143, pi. ; Anders. Yunnan Exped. p. 678; 
Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 857. Rhyacophila glareola, Hume ^ Dav. S. F. vi. 
p. 462 ; Cripps, S. F. vii. p. 303 ; Hume, S. F. vii. p. 488, viii. p. 113 ; Bingham, 
iS. F. ix. p. 197 ; Oates, S. F. x. p. 240. 
Description. — Winter plumage. The upper plumage dark brown, the 
crown and hind neck with a few fulvous-white streaks ; the wing-coverts^ 
back, scapulars and tertiaries with white and grey spots on each feather ; 
rump blackish margined with whitish ; upper tail-coverts white ; tail barred 
with black and white ; primaries and secondaries dark brown, the tips of 
the latter narrowly white ; a supercilium from the bill to the end of the 
ear-coverts dull white ; lores brown ; chin white ; sides of the head and 
neck, the throat, fore neck and breast dull white streaked with brown ; 
remainder of lower plumage white, the under tail-coverts and the sides of 
the body sparingly barred with brown, the former sometimes with only a 
few streaks. 
In summer the upper plumage is blotched with black, and the pale streaks 
on the head are larger and more frequent ; but the general character of 
the coloration is not much altered. 
Basal half of bill olive-brown, terminal half black ; iris brown ; legs 
and feet pale greenish ; claws dark horn-colour. 
Length 9 inches, tail 2"1, wing 5, tarsus 1*5, bill from gape 1*3. The 
female is of the same size. 
This and the preceding species are not likely to be confounded ; but it 
may be well to point out characters by which they may be easily recognized 
should a doubt occur. Helodromas ochropus is larger, the black bars on 
the tail are much wider than the white ones, and the axillaries are dark 
brown with narrow white bars. T. glareola is smaller, the black and white 
alternating bars on the tail are of about equal width, and the axillaries are 
white distantly barred with brown. 
The Wood- Sandpiper is generally distributed throughout the Province 
in the winter months, but it is not anywhere abundant. 
It occurs throughout Europe, Africa and Asia, extending in the latter 
Continent down to Cochin China, the Malay peninsula and archipelago, 
Celebes and the Philippines. In summer it retires to northern climates, 
some few birds, however, remaining in temperate countries to breed. 
This species frequents both marshes and the banks of streams, and is 
generally met with in couples or singly. 
VOL. II. 2d 
