SnllS?triS] NOTES AND MEMORANDA. 169 
lymphatics wliicli empty into the gall-ducts between the acini, into 
which I have distinctly traced them." 
The Leaves of Coniferce. — Mr. Thomas Meehan has laid a short 
memoir on this subject before the " American Association for the 
Advancement of Scicnco," and which will appear in the forthcoming 
volume of the ' Transactions.' He analyzes the opinions of Drs. Dick- 
son and Engelman, and having described some of his observations on 
the relation of the old fasicles to the woody system of the tree, he 
conclude^: — ^(1) That the true leaves of Coniferas are usually adnate 
with the branches. (2) Adnation is in proportion to vigour in the 
genus, species, or in the individuals of the same species or branches of 
the same individual. (3) Many so-called distinct species of coniferaa 
are the same, but in various states of " adnation." 
The Structure of Brunner's Glands. — A memoir on the anatomy 
of these intestinal glands was read before the Vienna Academy of 
Sciences, at its last meeting for the present session (July 15). It 
was written by Herr Anton Schlemmer, of the Physiological Institute 
of the Vienna University. The author alleges that these glands are 
not racemose, as generally asserted, but are tubular. The memoir is 
not yet published in full. 
The Distribution of the Tracheal Vessels in Ferns. — M. A. Trecul 
has published some of the results of his researches in a very long 
communication to the ' Comptes Rendus,' of July 26th. The author 
refers to the great difficulty of explaining his observations without 
figures. It would then be impossible for us in a few lines to give 
any adequate idea of the author's views. We may mention that he 
goes minutely into the investigation of the vascular system of ferns, 
and describes the arrangement of the tracheal vessels in from twenty 
to thirty different species. 
A New Hermajphroditic Borlasia. — M. A. F. Marion has discovered 
on the coast of Marseilles a new species of Borlasia, which, like the 
B. hermaphroditica of Professor Keferstein, is monoecious. He calls 
it B. Kefersteinii, and describes its reproductive apparatus. It 
measures IS™*" in length, and is covered with vibritile cilia. Both 
male and female " ovules," as the discoverer calls them, are developed 
between the hepatic layer of the digestive tube and the walls of the 
body. The female ovule measures •317™'"-, the males are smaller, 
and are filled with zoosperms. 
NOTES AND MEMORANDA. 
Parallel-rays Condensing Illuminator. — Dr. Royston Pigott sends 
us a sketch and account of an instrument devised by him, and to which 
he has given the above name. The instrument was constructed for 
him by Messrs. Powell and Lealand, and " with it a very intense set 
VOL. II. N 
