250 
ZOOPHTTOLOGY. 
The surface of the fleshy crust is thickly covered with small 
prominences^ marking the point at which the polypide issues 
from its cell. The normal shape of the cells is hexagonal, 
but they are subject to many irregularities. The septa are 
well marked, and show distinctly on the surface. The poly- 
pides are laid lengthwise in the cells, and the orifice is at one 
extremity, and not central. Sir John Dalyell says that they 
have about fifteen tentacula. The ovaries occur as somewhat 
circular papill(Bj scattered irregularly over the coenoecium, 
within which the ova are distinctly visible. At the top of 
each ovarium, when the embryos are about to escape, an 
opening appears, and a small tube is gradually pushed forth 
to some distance. Through this tubular orifice they work 
their way by means of their cilia, and as soon as they have 
efi'ected their escape begin to move with great activity through 
the water. I have seen seven pass from a single ovary in the 
course of a few seconds. The embryo is circular in form, 
white, opaque, and bears a striking resemblance to a loW' 
crowned hat. The margin is fringed with cilia. ^ 
The figure of Sarcochitum polyoum in Gosse^s 'Marine 
Zoology^ should, I think, be referred to this species. It bears 
no resemblance to the Sarcochitum of Hassall. 
Hub. Salcombe, Devon ; encrusting sea- weed, between tide-marks. 
FAKKEiiLA ELONGATA. \Lagtmcula elongata, Van Beneden.] 
This species I have obtained in great abundance on the 
Lancashire coast, in the neighbourhood of Fleetwood and 
Lytham. 
The pedicle is of very variable length, and the cells are 
very slightly attached to the creeping fibre. In this latter 
respect the species difi'ers markedly from the F. pedicellata — 
a kindred form lately described by Mr. Alder. The tentacles 
of F. elongata vary in number from ten to fourteen. The 
former number is very common amongst the younger poly- 
pides ; fourteen occur rarely, and twelve is the ordinary com- 
plement. 
I recorded the occurrence of F. elongata in Britain some 
years ago, but the notice seems to have been overlooked 
{;pide 'Micr. Joum.,' vol. iv, p. 95). 
* In the * Annals of Nat. Hist.' for November, 1851, I have described 
these embryos, referring them vtrongly to the Cychum ^ajpillosum of Hassall. 
