34 
TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Class III. 
207. Lolium, Spikelets sessile, to the lowest a glume of one valve, to the uppermost of two opposite valves. 
Lower palea with a mucro or bristle at the end, upper membranous, bifid-toothed. Scales with two unequal 
teeth. Seed furrowed. 
208. Elymus. Spikelets in each tooth of the rachis two or more, 3-9-flowered. Glume 2-valved, nearly 
equal, rarely (as in E. Hystrix) absent or nearly so. Lower palea entire with a bristle which is sometimes very 
short, upper somewhat bifid-toothed. Scales ovate, hairy. Seed furrowed. Spike simple. 
209. Secale. Spikelets in each tooth of the rachis solitary, 2-3-flowered, the two lower florets fertile, sessile, 
opposite, the upper abortive. Glumes subulate, opposite, entire, shorter than the florets. Lower palea entire, 
with a very long bristle, upper bifid-toothed. Scales obovate, hairy. Seed coated, furrowed. 
210. Hordeum. Spikelets 1-flowered, three together, the two lateral often barren. Glumes 2, subulate. 
Paleaa 2, the lower bearded. Scales 2. Stigmas feathery. Seed coated with the palese. 
211. Microchloa. Spikelets 1-flowered. Glumes 2, membranous, beardless. Paleas 2, much shorter than the 
glumes, villous. Stigmas very finely divided. 
212. Ophiurus. Glumes cartilaginous, half immersed in hollows of the rachis, longer than the floret. Paleee 
membranous, transparent. Ovarium cordate. Spike simple. 
213. Monerma. Spikelets half immersed in hollows of the rachis. Glume 1-valved, cartilaginous, furrowed. 
Palea^ membranous, transparent. Scales lanceolate, entire, smooth. Spike simple. Rachis jointed, toothed. 
7. Inflorescence spiked, or panicled, jointed. Spikelets generally in pairs, 1 or2-flowered, the one sessile, the other 
stalked, and usually of one sex only. Glumes of a stouter texture than the palecB, neither keeled nor opposite. 
Palece very delicate and membranous, not with a keel, the lower commonly bearded. (Saccharina.) 
214. Perotis. Glume 2-valved : valves with a long bristle at the end. Palea 1, nearly as long as the calyx. 
Spike nearly simple, involucrated at the base, with woolly hairs. 
215. Saccharum. Glume 2-valved, 2-flowered, enveloped in long wool. Lower floret neuter with one palea, 
upper hermaphrodite with two palets, the upper of which is very small or obsolete. 
216. Imperata. Glume 2-valved : valves herbaceous, at the lower part of the back clothed with very long 
hairs the length of the pale«, which are two, and beardless, the lowest only half the size of the other. Scales 
none. Stamens 2-3. 
MONOGYNIA. 
78. VALERIA'NA 
544(fioica W. 
54') officinalis W. 
546 Phu W. 
547 tripteris W. 
548 montana W. 
549celtica W. 
550 tuberosa W. 
551 saxatilis W. 
552 elongata Ja. 
553 pyrenaica W. 
554 sambiicifolia Mik. 
555 supina Fahl. 
9. PATRFNIA. 
556 siMrica W. 
557 ruthenica W. 
80. VALERIANE'LLA 
558 echinata W. 
559olit6ria W. 
SeOdentdta W. 
561 vesicaria W. 
562 coronata W. 
563 discoidea W. 
564 carinata D. C. 
565 eriocarpa D. C. 
566 radiata Fahl. 
567 dasycarpa M. B. 
568uncinata M.B. 
W. Valerian. 
dioecious 
great wild 
garden 
three-leaved 
mountain 
Celtic 
tuberous-root, 
rock 
elongated 
heart-leaved 
elder-leaved 
prostrate 
Patrinia. 
Siberian 
Russian 
^ A 
^ A 
Lamb's Lettuce. 
prickly capsul. 
common 
oval-fruited 
bladdery 
crowned 
discoid 
keeled 
woolly-fruited 
radiate 
thick-fruited 
hook-fruited 
ValerianecE. Sp. 12 — 47. 
1 my.jl F Britain 
3 jn.jl F 
3 my.jl W 
1 mr.my W 
1 jn.jl L.R 
I jn W 
^ my.jn L.R 
i jl w 
k jn.jl Y 
3 my.jn Pk 
1 my.jn Pk 
I my.jn Pk 
Valerianeo'. 
1 my.jn Y " Siberia 1759. 
1 jn Y Siberia 1801. 
Valerianece. Sp. 11 — 26. 
Britain mar. 
Britain mar. 
Germany 1597. 
Switzerl. 1752. 
Switzerl. 1748. 
Switzerl. 1748. 
S. Europe 1629. 
Austria 1748. 
Austria 1812. 
Scotland sc.wo. 
Germany 1819. 
S. Europe 1822. 
Sp. 2. 
jl.au Pk 
ap.my Bk 
ap.jn B 
ap.my W 
ap.jn Pk 
ap.jl. B 
ap.my B 
ap.my Li 
ap.my Pk 
ap.my Li 
my.jn Li 
S. Europe 1807. 
Britain cor. fi. 
Britain cor. fi. 
Candia 
Portugal 
Italy 
France 
P'rance 
N. Amer. 
Crimea 
Tauria 
1739. 
1731. 
1731. 
1819. 
1821. 
1821. 
1821. 
1822. 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
S CO 
D CO 
S CO 
S CO 
S CO 
S CO 
S CO 
S CO 
S CO 
S CO 
S CO 
S CO 
S CO 
Eng. bot. 628 
Eng. bot. 698 
Blackw. t. 250 
Jac. aus. 3. t. 268 
Bot. cab. 317 
Jac. coll. 1. 1. 1 
Mor.h.3.t.l5.f.20 
Jac. aus. 3. t. 267 
Jac. aus. 3. t. 219 
Eng. bot. 1591. 
Jac. mi.2.t.l7.f2 
Bot. mag. 714 
Bot. mag. 2325 
Col. ecph.l.t.206 
Eng. bot. 811. 
Eng. bot. 1370 
FI. graec. 1. t. -34 
Col. ecph. l.t.209 
Mor.h.3.t.l6.f29 
Mor.h.at. 16.f.33 
History, Use, Propagation, Culture, 
78. Valeriana. A word of uncertain import. Linnseus derived it from a certain king Valerius. De Theis 
thinks it altered from the verb valere, on account of its medicinal qualities. The species are generally orna- 
mental border plants, of easy culture m common earth, and preferring shady moist situations, V. dioica 
has usually the stamens and pistils in separate flowers, situated on different plants. This species and 
V. officinalis are considered medicinal, and prescribed in hysterical cases and habitual costiveness. Cats 
are delighted with the roots, which are said to smell like the true Teucrium marum ; and rat-catchers employ 
them to draw the rats together, as they do oil of anise. V. Phu has something of the same qualities. V. tnp- 
teris derives its name ft-om r^m, three, and rrn^vl, a wing, in allusion to the ternary position of its leaves. 
