Order I. TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. S9 
603 Segments of flower acute, Stigmas smaU, Plowers small late, Mouth of throat closed by hairs 
604 Stigmas convolute hooded lobed as long as the anthers 
605 Leaves longer than flowers. Stigmas but little longer than the anthers [membranous 
606 Stigma inclosed trifid longer than stamens. Lobes filiform cucullate crisp, Lvs. setaceous, Tunic of the bulbs 
607 The three outer segments of flower revolute 
608 Stam. as long as the truncate torn stigmas, Leaves supporting the flowers, Bulbs coated with net-work 
609 Leaves longer than the flowers, Spathes 2 inner narrowest. Limb of cor. funnel-shaped, Stigma length or 
610 Stigmas unequal much longer than the anthers ["anthers flattish jagged 
611 Filaments hairy. Anthers longer than the stigma 
612 Stigma enclosed trifid. Lobes somewhat linear toothed, Coat of the roots membranous 
• /3 Pale cream-coloured flowers 
y Pale cream-coloured flowers, with 3 sky-blue lines on the tube 
613 Leaves upright-spreading : their keel blunt : sides nerveless. Flower in the sun campanulate stellate 
2. Autumnal. 
614 Stigmas very long reflexed crenate at the end 
615 Stigmas erect much divided. Leaves coming out with the flowers 
616 Stigmas erect much divided. Leaves later than the flowers 
617 Bulbs with a thready skin. Leaves later than the fl. Stam. as long as the truncate stigmas, Flower large 
618 Flowers spiked. Outer segments of flower downy without 
619 Flowers corymbose smooth 
620 Leaves linear very narrow convex. Scape simple erect 
621 Leaves with a cartilaginous edge. Racemes 1-7-flowered 
622 Leaves ensiform. Tube of the flower turbinate [Anthers diverging 
623 Leaves grassy. Spike 1-2-flowered, Flower hypocrateriform. Tube clavate straight. Filaments columnar 
624 Tube filiform, Limb bell-shaped spreading. Stigmas longer than the anthers 
625 Leaves linear ensiform, Flowers 1-sided, Spathes toothed shorter than the tube 
626 Tube slender a little enlarged. Limb below bell-shaped contracted, Segments spreading 
627 Leaves slender, Raceme flexuose many-flowered 
628 Limb spreading spotted at base. Stigmas not divided lower than the base of the anthers 
629 Filaments united in a tube 
630 Filaments united at base 
631 Leaves lanceolate, Spathe toothed much shorter than the filiform tube. Segments lanceolate 
632 Limb campanulate spreading spotted at base. Stigmas divided as low as the tube 
633 Smooth with stalked bulbs. Leaves linear ensiform. Flowers in spiked heads. Tube shorter than segments 
634 Leaves linear ensiform edged, Scape many-spiked many-flowered. Flowers spotted at base 
635 Limb spreading not spotted. Stigmas divided as low as the tube 
636 Limb hemispherical campanulate. Stigmas longer than anthers 
and Miscellaneous Particulars. 
board to form the mass into cakes. Two pounds of dried cake is the average crop of an acre after the first 
planting, and twenty-four pounds for the two next years. After the third crop the roots are taken up, divided, 
and transplanted. 
The uses of saffron in medicine, domestic economy, and the arts, were formerly very various. It is now 
employed by painters and dyers, and enters into sauces, creams, biscuits, conserves, liqueurs, &c. 
As a garden-flower, the C. vernus is the parent of many varieties, and these may be increased at pleasure by 
propagating from seeds. Haworth directs to sow these immediately after being gathered in light earth, in a 
shady, but open situation. Sift over them half an inch of earth the first autumn, and the second take them 
up and immediately replant them. Add another half inch of earth the third autumn, and the following 
spring most of the plants will show flowers in the midst of their fourth crop of leaves. Afterwards they may 
be treated like old bulbs, and planted in the open borders or shrubbery, in patches, rows, or as fancy may 
direct. The bulbs of crocus being renewed every year, and the new bulb formed on the top of the old one, it 
follows, that at whatever depth they may have been planted, they will in a short time rise to the surface, 
unlike the tulip and the bulbous iris, whose new bulbs being formed under the old ones, soon sink the plants, 
unless growing on a hard subsoil. Crocus bulbs should be taken up every third year, after the leaves decay, 
dried in the shade, parted, and replanted three inches deep, and not later than michaelmas. The longer they 
are kept out of the ground after this period they become the weaker and flower the later. In this way, and 
by preserving them in an icehouse, they may be retarded so as to flower at midsummer or later ; and they may 
be accelerated by heat or blown in water-glasses, or on fancy pots called cats, hedgehogs, &c. common in the 
seed-shops. The yellow-flowered species force better than the blue ones. 
94. Witsenia. In honor of Mr. Witsen, a Dutch consul in India, a patron of botanical science, and of 
Thunberg. This genus and all the succeeding, as far as Pardanthus, consist of handsome herbaceous and 
bulbous plants, flowering for the most part in the spring, and not distinguished from each other by very 
distinct characters. The bulbous sorts are easily cultivated in pots, are nearly all natives of the sandy wastes 
of the Cape of Good Hope, and are capable of succeeding well in a warm open border. To make them 
flower well in pots, they should have no water while they are dormant. 
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