OaDER I. TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 49 
830 Beardless, leaves linear, Petals with glandular spots. Ovaries 3-cornered 
831 Flower-stalks lateral nearly equal to the one-leaved involucrum 
832 Leaves linear-lanceolate. Scape round shorter than the plaited leaves 
833 Leaves linear-ensate flat. Scape simple leaf-like winged, Flowers opened out, FiL united at base 
834 Scape 2.edged, Flowers in spikes. Leaves sword-shaped nerved-plaited 
835 Scape 2-edged leafy. Flowers in spikes. Petals roundish ovate acute. Leaves linear sword-shaped 
836 Scape 2-edged simple nearly leafless, Spathe about 4-flowered unequal longer than the flowers. Pet. muc. 
837 Scape 2-edged branchy leafy, Spathe about 3-flow. unequal, Pet. linear acuminate, Leaves grassy channelled 
838 Scape 2-edged branched leafy, Spathe about 4-flow. shorter than the flowers, Pet. muc. Leaves sword-shaped 
839 Scape 2-edged branched leafy, Spathe 3-flowered shorter that the flower. Leaves sword-shaped 
840 Scape 2-edged ascending leafy, Spathe 3-flowered, Caps, hairy. Leaves capillary 
841 Stigmas united petal shaped. Scape many-flowered erect, Spathe not viviparous 
842 Leaves linear-lanc. nerved a little wavy at back, Fl.-stalks nearly as long as spathe. Flowers campanul. 
843 Flowers spotted with orange 
844 Culm round naked, Spikelets bundled in a roundish head, Involucr. 3, 6-leaved very long reflexed 
845 Culm naked round, Spikelets in headed bundles, Invol. 2-leaved longer than the valves. Sets none 
846 Culm round leafy. Leaves channelled, Spike compound 2-ranked longer than the bractea 
847 Culm round naked, Spike compound. Flower monoecious. Leaves channelled rough 
848 Culm round, Spikelets 2-3, Outer valve of involucrum as long as spikelets, Set« several 
849 Spike distichous, Spikelets many-flowered, Involucre 1-leaved, Culm roundish 
850 Involucres very long white. (Dichromena, Vahl.) 
851 Culm leafy 3-angular, Leaves linear keeled. Root creeping 
852 Culm 3-angular, Leaves bristly channelled. Root creeping 
853 Leaves flat glaucous with hairy sheaths, Invol. longer than the contracted panicle, Spikelets oblong. Scales 
oblong carinate mucronate 
854 Spikes ovate oblong. Involucre about 3-leaved decompound longer than the umbel 
855 Culms branched leafy flaccid, Spikelets few-flowered. Floating 
856 Culm bristle-shaped, Spikelets lateral sessile 
857 Culm round naked. Heads terminal globose clustered. Leaves channelled 
858 Stem round sheathing at the base. Spike ovate terminal. Glumes obtuse equal. Root fibrous 
859 Stigmas 3, Spike enclosed in a 2-leaved involucrum. Lower glumes very large as big as the spike. Culm 
round, Sheaths bearded 
860 Glumes unequal obt. ovate, one larger but shorter than the 2-valved spike. Culm round, Sheaths not bearded 
861 Culm round. Inner sheaths ending in a short leaf. Cyme terminal decompound with 2-4-leaved involucrum 
Spikelets ovate smooth 
862 Top of the 3-angular stem straight. Upper sheaths leafy, Panic, lateral under the end, Spikel. sess. & stalked 
863 Culm straight naked pointed, Lateral spikes sessile or stalked, Stigma bifid 
864 Top of the 3-cornered culm bent down at end. Sheaths leafless, Spikel. lateral sess. clustered naked. Stigmas 3 
865 Culm naked, upwards 3-cornered, Panicle cymose terminal. Bract, pungent. Stigma bifid 
866 Panicle globose terminal, Glumes mucronate torn bifid 
867 Spikes roundish headed, Heads umbelled globose proliferous, Invol. many-leaved. Culm 3-angular 
868 Culm 3-comered. leafy. Cyme term, supra-decompound surrounded with a many-leaved invol. Gl. mucronate 
869 Spike oval naked. Scales lanceol. acute. Culms roundish. Sheaths leafless beardless lanceol. acute. Stigmas 2 
870 Spike ovate naked. Two lower scales, scarcely larger than the rest. Culms 4-cornered setaceous 
Sll Spike ovate naked. Scales oblong obtuse. Stigmas 2, Culms sub-compressed. Sheaths leafless, Root fibrous 
and Miscellaneous Particulars. 
123. Scirpus. From cirs, a Celtic word for rushes, which is, in the singular, cors, whence the Latin chorda. 
S. caispitosus is the principal food of cattle and sheep in the Highlands of Scotland in March and till the end of 
May. S. lacustris, the bull-rush, is used to bottom chairs : cut at one year old, it makes the finer bottoms ; 
at two years, the coarser sort ; still older, and mixed with the leaves of Iris pseud-acorus, it makes the coarsest 
bottoms. Cottages are sometimes thatched, and pack-saddles stuffed with it, and in severe seasons cattle will 
eat it. Of S. maritimus there are several varieties, natives of the salt marshes of Europe, Barbary, and Siberia, 
greedily eaten by cattle ; and the roots, which are large. Withering says, have been ground and used instead 
of flour in times of scarcity. The Pi-tsi or water-chestnut of the Chinese, is a species of this genus (Scirpus 
tuberosus). It has not yet been introduced to our gardens. In China it is cultivated in tanks, the bottoms of 
which are manured and exposed for a time Xo dry in the sun. The tubers are eaten either boiled or raw, and 
are esteemed both as food and medicine. 
124. Eleocharis. A name not explained by Mr. Brown, its author, the meaning of which is not obvious. 
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