MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
1 
To discover the particular species or variety of a plant it is necessary to become acquainted witli the forms 
and different conditions of the leaves, stems, and other parts of the bodies of plants, as well as with their flowers, 
and this knowledge, as we have before stated (p. xix.), will be obtained with the greatest facility by turning to 
the Glossary (.p.l094.)3 and comparing the definitions with the engraved figures. 
Class L— MONANDRIA. 1 Stamen. 
This class, which is not large, contains chiefly exotic plants, and of these the tribe of Scitamineas is considered 
one of the most beautiful families of the vegetable kingdom. The useful productions are chiefly the Ginger, 
Cardamom, and Turmerick, spices highly esteemed, and in general use wherever they are known, and can be 
procured. The Salicornia, a native of our sea-shores, is burned for kelp, and pickled for culinary purposes. 
Almost all the plants of this class are aquatics, or grow in marshes. They chiefly thrive best in a sandy loam, 
from which their roots should be well cleaned every year. 
The genera of the Scitamines and Cannea; have been remodelled by Roscoe, whose arrangement has re- 
ceived considerable improvement from the hand of the late Dr. Roxburgh. The nature of the floral envelope 
of those plants has long been a subject of dispute among botanists, some considering the colored inner segments 
to be true petals and to be variable in numbers ; and others, supposing them to be part of the calyx and con- 
stant in number, their occasional variation in number being capable of explanation. Persoon [Synopsis, p. 1.) 
is of opinion that many of the genera of the first section ought to be referred to Gynandria. According to 
Willdenow and others, the following species belonging to other classes have only one stamen. 
Monogynia. Mangifera indica; Alchemilla aphanes, several species of Scirpus, Cyperus, Schoenus, Kyllinga, 
Cryptostomum monandrum, Chorizandra, Polycnemum monandrum, Hopea. 
Digynia. Lacistema, Leei-sia, Salsola, and many grasses. 
Order 1. MONOGYNIA. 1 Stamen. 1 Style. 
\ 1. Germen inferior, anther simple, style erect, free. Flowers spathaceous. 
1. Canna. Anther attached to the edge of the petal-like filament. Style thick, club-shaped. Stigma linear, 
obtuse. 
2. Maranta. Anther attached to the petal-like filament. Style petal-shaped. Stigma three-sided. Flowers 
panicletl. 
3. Calathea. Anther attached to the petal-like filament. Style petal-shaped. Stigma cucullate. Flowers in 
close heads. 
4. Thalia. Antlier attached to its proper filament. Style depressed. Stigma depressed, perforated, and gaping. 
5. Phrynium. Anther attached to its proper filament. Style united to the tube of the coroWa, hooked at 
the end. Stigma funnel-shaped. Seeds with an arillus. 
§ 2. Germen inferior, anther double, style inclosed in the furroio formed by the anther. Flowers spathaceous 
6. Tledxjchium. Anther naked. Tube of the corolla long and slender, with both limbs 3-partite, the interior 
one resupinate. Capsule dry. 
7. Roscoea. Anther 9-lobed, incurved, surrounding the style with an appendage split at the base. Outer 
limb of the corolla 3-partite, with the upper segment erect and fornicate. Inner limb 2-lippod. 
8. Alpinia. Anther not crowned. Interior limb of the corolla with one lip. Capsule berried. Seeds with 
an arillus. 
9. Hellenia. Anther in some marginal. Filament linear, longer than the anther, with a very short rounded 
entire or 2-lobed appendage. Capsules crustaceous. Seeds with an arillus. 
10. Zingiber. Inner limb of the corolla with one lip. Anther with a simple recurved horn at the end. 
11. Costus. Interior limb of the corolla nearly campanulate, split at the back. Filament lanceolate. Anther 
rn the centre of it or at some distance from the end. Seeds naked. 
12. Kccmpferia. Tube of the corolla long and slender, with both limbs 3-partite. Anther with a 2-lobed crest. 
13. Amomum. Inner limb of the corl. with Hip. Anther with an entire or 2-lobed crest. Seeds with an arillus, 
14. Curcuma. Both limbs of the corolla 3-partite. Anther with two spurs at the base. Seeds with an arillus. 
15. Globba. Inner limb of the corolla 2-lobed or none. Filament hollow at the base, witli a wedge-shaped 
I'P Anther with an appendage or none. Seeds attached to 3 parietal placentas. 
Irt. Mantisia. Outer limb of the corolla 3-partite, inner filiform with a double trifid limb. l ilamcnt 4-par- 
tite at the end. 
\ 3. Germen superior, corolla irregular. 
17. Philydrum. Calyx 2-leaved colored. Filaments 3 united at the base, the two lateral ones barren and 
petal-shaped. Seeds numerous, minute. 
§ 4. Germen inferior, corolla irregular. Flowers naked. 
18. Lopexia. Cal. 4-leaved. Cor. 4-petaled, unequal. Filaments two : one antheriferous, the other petal- 
shaped abortive. Caps. 4-valved, 4-celled, many seeded. 
§ 5. Germen inferior, corolla regular, flowers naked. 
19. Boerhaavia. Cal. 1-leaved, ob-conic, inclosing the seed. Cor. plaited, on the end of the calyx, 
20. Centranthus. Cor, 5-lobed, regular, spurred. Caps, l-celled, crowned with the limb of the calyx ex- 
panded into a plumose pappus, 
§ 6, Apetalous. 
21. Pollichia. Cal. 1-leaved, 5- toothed. Seed 1. Fruit upon the heaped, berried scales of the receptacle. 
22. Salicornia. Cal. turbinate, entire, fleshy. Stamen inserted into the bottom of the cal. Style 2-fid. 
Utricle inclosed in the fleshy calyx. Seed vertically compressed. 
23. Bippuris. Cal. entire, minute. Style in the hollow of the anther. Germen inferior, one-seeded, crowned 
by the rim of the calyx. 
24. Zostera. Spadix linear in the sheath of the leaf, bearing seed on one side. Stamens opposite the ger- 
mens and alternate with them, sessile. Caps, one-seeded. 
25. Chloranthus. Stamen irregular, fleshy, lobed, fixed to the side of the germen. Stigma capitate. A 
drupa. 
Order 2. DIGYNIA. 1 Stamen, 2 Styles, 
26. Corispermum. Cal. 2.1eaved. Cor. O. Seed one, oval, convex-plane. (Stamens often 5.) 
27. Callitriche. Cal, 2-leaved. Pet. O. Caps. 2-celled, 4-seeded. 
28. Blitum. Cal. trifid. Cor. O. Seed one, immersed in a berried calyx. 
29. Aspicarpa. Cal. 5-parted. Cor. O. Stamen included. Germen and Stigma 2-lobed. Fruit cartilagi 
nous, 1-seeded. 
