Order II. 
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. 
63 
1079 Raceme spiked linear, Spikelets beardless, Bractes pinnatifid. Leaves linear 
1080 Pan. spikeshaped at the base interrupted and smootliish, Spikelets 3-4-flow. nearly beardless very acute 
1081 Pan. closely spiked, Spikel. 2-3-fl. acum. beardless, Glumes fringed at back, Lower leaves conv. setaceous 
108:2 Pan. spiked oval cylind. Spikelets 2-flowered villous at back acumin. Outer glume bearded under the end 
1083 Panicle spiked cylind. Spikel. 2-5-8-flowered, Outer glume rough outside, with a soft beard under the end 
1084 Panicle spiked ovate cylind. Spikelets 3-4!-flowered, Outer glume hairy with a stiff" beard under the end 
1085 Panicle one-sided heaped. Leaves keeled 
108P Panicle one-sided headed spiked, Spikelets 3-flowered, Leaves keeled glaucous 
1087 Panicle equal before and after flowering contr. spiked, Spikelets 4-fl. beardless. Glumes with a rough keel 
1088 Stem creeping. Branches in bundles, Leaves villous subulate stiff", Flowers in spiked one-sided heads 
1089 Spikes scattered one-sided few. Flowers closely imbricated. Leaves much spreading. Stem decumbent 
1090 The only species is a floating creeping plant very common in ponds 
1091 Panicle simple one-sided, Spikelets about 9-flow. bearded, Leaves setaceous. Culm upwards 4-comered 
1092 Panicle contracted, Spikelets ovate 4-flowered, Paleas roundish, Leaves very narrow rough 
1093 Panicle one-sided contracted. Florets compressed beardless pubescent, Leaves setaceous smooth 
1094 Pan. one-sided erect spreading. Florets roundish longer than beard. Leaves pubes. above. Root creeping 
1095 Panicle erect spreading. Florets longer than beard. Root fibrous 
1096 Pan. sprdg. Spikel. obi. nearly beardl. Outer valve of glume and palea; ciliated, Lvs. setae, rigid, Lig. 2-eared 
1097 Glaucous, Pan. 1-sided contracted. Florets cylind. bearded. Stem square. Leaves compound channelled 
1098 Panicle spike-shaped pubescent. Leaves filiform 
1099 Panicle one-sided erect branching contracted. Florets oblong angular beardless. Leaves ensiform striated 
1100 Panicle spreading, Spikelets 3-flowered with long beards 
1101 Panicle erect, Spikelets ovate 4-5-flowered, Glumes acum. beardless. Leaves setaceous smooth pungent 
1102 Panicle spreading branched, Spikelets linear beardless many- flowered. Leaves linear. Root fibrous 
1103 Pan. sprdg. one-sided, Spikel. about 6-fl. Florets blunt beardless. Leaves lin. conv. glauc. Stem round erect 
1104 Panicle spike-shaped, Spikelets slender ll-flowered bearded. Sheaths rough 
1105 Culm ascending angular. Leaves rolled together smooth, Pan. nodding close, Spikelets 9-10-flow. pilose 
1106 Pan. erect contracted, Spikelets 4-5-fl. very smooth, Pale£e margined membranous. Leaves setaceous 
1107 Pan. one-sided oblong, Spikel. 7-fl. bearded. Outer glume and pale£B fringed. Leaves setae. Root fibrous 
1108 Panicle one-sided erect branching. Florets ternate oblong angular beardless. Leaves linear striated 
1109 Pan. spreading much branched, Spikelets ovate lane, somewhat bearded 4-5-fl. Leaves linear lanceolate 
1110 Pan. close. Branches simple scattered, Spikelets linear 5-fl. Flowers acum. 2-androus, Stem very rough 
1111 Raceme spiked elongated, Spikelets remote beardless afterwards spreading. Root fibrous 
1112 Panicle simple erect, Spikelets very few about 7-flowered, Florets acute distant 
1113 Paiilcle fascicled, Spikelets subsessile villous. Beard erect 
1114 Panicic one-sided spike-shaped, Spikelets 5-fl. smooth somewhat bearded, Leaves glaucous rigid subulate 
1115 Culm ascending. Leaves subconvolute. Spike racemose. One glume very small. Outer paleze fringed 
1116 Panicle one-sided erect nodding at the end, Spikelets 5-flowered obtuse beardless 
1117 Panicle loose spreading nodding. Radical leaves very slender and long, Root creeping 
1102 
1113 
and Miscellaneous Particulars. 
F. duriuscula, is a good grass either for hay or permanent pasture : hares are remarkably fond of it : its pro. 
duce \n the sprmg is not very great, but the quality is fine, and the quantity is considerable at the time of 
flowermg. F. calamaria is subject to the disease in the grain called clavus, in which the seed swells to three 
times the usual size, and the kernel is wanting. 
F. pratensis is one of the six grasses (Anthoxanthum odoratum, Alopecurus pratensis, Poa pratensis and tri- 
viabs, Cynosurus cnstatus, and the F. pratensis) which Curtis recommends before all others for laying down 
meadows or pastures, on soil either moist or moderately dry. According to the Woburn experiments, the value 
of this grass cut at the time the seed is ripe, is to that of the grass cut at the time of flowering as 6 to 18 ; one 
others, of the advantage of cutting almost all grasses when in flower rather than later. 
W. Salisbury says, " if land intended for meadow could be laid down with one bushel of F. pratensis one of 
Alopecurus pratensis, three pounds of Anthoxanthum, a little Bromus mollis, with white clover, the farmer 
will seek no farther." ' 
F. elatior differs little from F. pratensis, but in being larger in every respect. According to the Woburn ex- 
Em'of 8 to 6 " * Pr.oduce is nearly that of the former, and the nutritive powers superior in the propor- 
F. loliacea greatly resembles the rye-grass in habit and place of growth : « it has excellencies which make it 
greatly superior to that grass, for the purposes either of hay or of permanent pasture. It improves in propor- 
tion to Its age, which is directly the reverse of rye-grass." ( Wob. exp. xxxiii.) 
^if."*^^> the time of flowering, exceeds in value the same grass cut when the seeds are ripe in the 
proportion of 6 to 12, a strong proof of the value of the leaves and culm in grasses intended for the scythe, and 
A<>i°*h-*^ before observed, of leaving them for the sake of the seed when they become dry and wiry. 
Alter this grass, and indeed most others, are in flower, " the root leaves neither increase in number nor in size ; 
(JToft suspension of increase appears in every part of the plant, the roots and seed-vessels excepted." 
