Order II. 
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. 
67 
1157 Panicle nodding spreading, Spikelets compressed 6-8-flowered, Sheaths of leaves bearded at end 
1158 Panicle contracted, Spikelets linear. Glume longer than florets. Leaves bearded at base 
1159 Panicle nearly simple contracted few-flowered, Spikelets oblong ovate 3-4.flow. Glume as long as florets 
1160 The only species 
1161 Outer paleje of lower floret fringed. Panicle subspicate equal, Spikelets erect at length spreading 
116'^ Branches of panicle erect or spreading, Spikelets 3-flowered, Outer glume of lower floret hairy at edge 
1163 Ligula nearly none, Panicle almost simple, Spikelets nodding beardless, Glumes obtuse 
1164 Paieffi beardless, Panicle branching one-sided, Spikelets ovate erect 2-flowered one imperfect 
1165 Ligula half-linear. Panicle branching, Spikelets nodding smooth. Glumes acute 
1166 Panicle lax few-flowered, Branchlets simple. Flowers obtuse naked. Stem erect smooth 
1167 Paleae smooth. Panicle spiked branching, Spikelets 3-flowered third flower imperfect 
1168 A small purplish grass common on moors with a very narrow smooth spikelike panicle 
1169 Panicle erect, Spikelet 3-angular 5-7-flowered, Glume larger than florets 
1170 Spikelets ovate. Glume equal to florets. Upper leaf involute 
1171 Panicle erect, Spikelets finally cordate, about 7-flowered, Glume less than florets 
1172 Panicle nodding at end, Spikelets oblong cordate 13-17-flowered 
1173 Pan. equal erect diffuse much branched, Spikel. lin. 5-9.fl. Florets obtuse smooth 7-nerved, Root creeping 
1174 Panicle diffuse, Spikelets ovate 5-fl. Ligule of the stem-leaves lanceolate acute, of the rest obtuse 
1175 Panicle zigzag, Spikelets 3-flowered, Glumes ovate villous at base, Ligules lanceolate 
1176 Panicle contracted erect or nodding. Leaves and stems lax, Ligule oblong 
1177 Panicle diffuse, Spikelets ovate 5-flowered, Glumes lanceolate rather silky loose, Ligules very short 
1178 Panicle equal diffuse, Spikelets ovate 2-4-flowered at length viviparous 
1179 Fan. equal diffuse, Spik. obi. ov. about 3-fl. Flor. vill. at base 5-nerved, Stem and sheaths roughish, Lig. obi. 
1180 Panicle diffuse. Root creeping. Upper leaves much shorter than their sheaths, Ligule short truncated 
/3 Panicle divaricating. Radical leaves very narrow and long 
1181 Panicle diffuse, Spikelets ovate about 3-flowered, Glumes acute villous at base, Ligule very short obtuse 
1182 Panicle one-sided divaricating, Spikelets oblong ovate 5-7-flowered, Stem subcompressed 
1183 Panicle spreading, Spikelets ovate compressed acute. Outer pales pubescent at back 
1184 Panicle equal diffuse, Spikel. ovate lane. 3-fl. Flor. few. Sheaths loose 2-edged, Ligule short. Root creep. 
1185 Panicle diffuse nodding, Spikelets oblong 5-7-fl. Florets villous at base, Ligule short 
1186 Panicle diflfiise, Spikelets ovate oblong shining 
1187 Panicle equal diffuse narrowed one-sided spreading when in seed, Root nodose 
1188 Pan, equal sprdg. Spikel. lane. 9-fl. Flor. vill. at base obtuse 5-nerved, Lvs. rough, Ligule obi. Root creep. 
1189 Pan. equal capill. lax erect sprdg. Spikel. 4-5-fl. smooth lin. lane. Lvs. smooth convol. at end, Stem procumb. 
1190 Panicle lax much spreading capillary. Leaves hairy. Stem much branching 
1191 Panicle contracted, Spikelets 7-9-fl. cordate lanceolate shining. Glumes green lax 
and Miscellaneous Particulars. 
and tears up the plants by the roots, which float, and are carried down the stream. {Curtis.) W. Salisbury 
says, " it is highly ornamental, and might be introduced into ponds for the same purposes as Arundo phrag- 
mites, or planted with Festuca elatior, Poa sudetica, and Phalaris arundinacea in pits and water-holding exca- 
vations, where it would be useful as fodder, and form excellent shelter for game." {Bot. Comp. ii. 11.) 
P. alpina, in common with many alpine grasses which live almost constantly in a m^oist vapour, is frequently 
viviparous. Linnseus says, it is the rudiment of the germen which grows and forms the young plant ; Sir 
J. E. Smith, that the glumes change into leaves, and at length the fiuctification into a bud. 
P. trivialis Curtis considers one of our best meadow and pasture grasses, especially for moist soils and shel- 
tered situations ; on dry exposed situations it is not productive, and, as Sinclair observes, dies off in the space of 
four or five years. Contrary to what is the case in almost all other grasses, the hay of this species is of most 
value cut when the seed is ripe. It and P. annua are almost the only grasses that will thrive in grass plats in 
towns and small confined situations. 
P. angustifolia is a valuable grass for permanent pasture, being of rapid and early growth ; but the stalks and 
leaves being subject to the rust, it is obviously unfit for hay. P. pratensis assumes a beautiful verdure very 
early in spring; but as it sends up flower-stalks only once in a season, it is less adapted for hay than for early 
and permanent pasture. Cultivated by itself, it becomes so much matted by its creeping roots as to be unpro- 
ductive, unless on water meadows, for which it is one of the best of grasses. P. annua is a diminutive plant, 
the most common in all temperate climates, and perhaps in the world. P. sudetica is a tall aquatic. P. glauca 
IS ornamental from its glaucous hue. P. maritima Sir H. Davy found to be one of the best grasses for producing 
latter-math. P. fertilis (P. serotina) ranks as one of the most valuable of grasses. According to the Woburn 
experiments it produces the greatest abundance of early foliage next to P. angustifolia. It prefers a clayey 
soil, and flowers late. 
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