104 
TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNIA. 
Class IV. 
SC8. TRA'PA. W. 
1804 natans W. 
1805 bicornis W. 
309. LUDWI'GIA. JV. 
1806 alteniifolia W. 
1807 hlrsuta Ph. 
Water-caltrops. 
European ^ O clt 
Chinese ^ lAI clt 
LUDWIGIA. 
large-capsuled O w 
hairy ^ A ^ 
Hydracharidece. Sp. 2—3. 
jn.au W.p Europe 1781. S co 
... W China 1790. S co 
Onagrarlce. So. 2 — 16. 
1 jn.jl Y Virginia 1752. S co 
1 jn.au Y N. Amer. 1812. D p.l 
Bot. reg. 88 
Gaert.sem.2. t.95 
Lam. iU. 1. t. 77 
310. CUS'CUTA. W. 
1808 europa/a W. 
1809 Epithymum IV. 
1810 chinensis 
1811 chilensis B. M. 
1812 verrucosa Sweet. 
Sll. BUFO'NIA. JV. 
1813 tenuifolia W. 
312. HAMAME'LIS. W. 
1814 virginica IF. 
313. HYPE'COUM. W. 
1815 procum'bens TV. 
1816 pendulum W. 
1817 erectum W. 
Dodder. 
common 
lesser ^ 
Chinese jg 
Chili 
Nepal ^ 
BUFONIA. 
slender-leaved ^ 
Witch-hazel. 
Virginian 
Hypecoum. 
procumbent 
pendulous 
erect 
DIGYNIA. 
Convolvulacece. 
A cu 
A cu 
A cu 
A cu 
A cu 
5—10. 
jl 
W 
Britain 
hea. 
jl 
W 
Britain 
hea. 
au.s 
w 
China 
1803. 
ja.d 
w 
Chili 
1821. 
ap.o 
w 
Nepal 
1821. 
A w 
D par 
D par 
D par 
D par 
D par 
Caryophyllece. Sp. 1 — 2. 
i jn W England sea co. S co 
Berberidece. Sp. 1 — 2. 
10 my.n W N. Amer. 1736. L p.l 
Papaueracece. Sp. 3 — 6. 
1 jn.jl Y S. Europe 1596. S co 
i jn.jl Y S. France 1640. S co 
Siberia 1759. S co 
.J: O or 
-i: O or 
^Q) ov i my.jii Y 
Eng. bot. 378 
Eng. bot. 55 
Bot. reg. 603 
Scot. fl. gard. 6. 
Eng. bot. 1313 
Duh. arb.l. t.ll4 
Schk. han.l. t.27 
Par. thea.372. f.2 
Am. ruth. 58. t.9 
314. MYGIN'DA. W. 
1818 Uragoga W. 
1819 Rhacoma W. 
1820 latifolia IV. 
315. I'LEX. W. 
1821 Aquifolium W. 
(i heteropliylla 
y crass/folia 
d recdrva 
iferox 
MvCilNDA. 
saw-leaved 
blunt-leaved 
broad-leaved 
Hollv. 
common 
various-leaved 
thick-leaved 
slender 
hedgehog 
TETIiAGYNIA. 
Rhamni. Sp. 3 — 3. 
t □ or 4 au s Pu S. Amer. 1790. 
t □ or 4 Jamaica 1798. 
i or 4 ap.my ... W. Indies 1795. 
Rhamni. Sp. 12- 
tni 20 ap.jn 
or 20 ap.jn 
or 20 ap.jn 
or 20 apjn 
or 12 ap.jn 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
hedg. 
L p.l 
L p.l 
C s.p 
S CO 
G CO 
G CO 
G CO 
G CO 
Jac.amer.24.t.l6 
Jac. ic. 2. t. 311 
Fl.peruv. t.84.f.b 
Eng. bot. 496 
History, Use, Propagation, Culture, 
said) within Its influence. It is of the dust of this wood that the Bramins form the pigment which they use 
in giving the tilac or frontal mark to the God Vishnoo : and the oil used in their ceremonies is obtained from 
the shavings, or at least scented by them. Cuttings root readily in a pot of sand under a bell-glass. 
The true sandal wood is the Santalum album, found chiefly on the coast of Malabar, and in the Indian 
Archipelago. 
Santalum myrtifolium, which has been confounded with it, is the kind which grows upon the Circar moun- 
tains, the wood of which is of little value. An amusing specimen of German critical puzzling upon this sub- 
ject may be seen in Messrs. Romer and Schultes, Species Plantarum, vol. iii. p. 328. 
308. Trapa. Abridged from calcitrapa, the Latin name (Tf a dangerous instrument called caltrops, furnished 
with four spines, which was formerly used in war to impede the progress of cavalry. The fruit of this plant is 
hard, and has four spines also. T. natans is a curious aquatic, with long brown and green roots and floating 
leaves, with petioles inflated into a tumour, as in the marine algee. The seed is larger than the kernel of the 
filberd, with two cotyledons, one large, and the other very small, and not increasing in size during the germin- 
ation. Hence, Gaertner considers this plant like the Nelumbium, as in a sort of middle state between the mo- 
nocotyledonete and dicotyledoneae. The nuts are farinaceous, and are esteemed nourishing and pectoral. The 
skin with the spines being removed, there is a white sweet kernel within, somewhat like a chestnut. They 
are sold in the market at Venice under the name of Jesuits' nuts. They are also much eaten in Switzerland 
and the south of France. Some of the canals at Versailles are covered with the plant ; and Neill informs us 
{Hort. Tour.), that the nuts are sometimes served up like chestnuts. Pliny says that the Thracians made them 
into bread ; and Thunberg states that they (the seed of Trapa bicornis) are commonly put into broth in Japan. 
In this country the plant is generally kept in a cistern in the stove, and so treated, was fruited by A. B. Lam- 
bert, Esq. in 1815, and specimens of the fruit sent to the Horticultural Society. 
T. bicornis is cultivated by the Chinese in marshes ; and the nuts used as food. 
309. Luduiigia. So named by Linnaeus, in honor of C. G. Ludwig, professor of botany at Leipsic, in the mid- 
dle of the last century. He left behind him several works which are now almost forgotten. The species are of 
no beauty. 
310. Cuscuta. This is a genus of parasitical plants, which fasten themselves to, and draw their nourishment 
from others. The seed does not split into lobes, but opens and puts forth a little spiral bmly, which is the em- 
