106 
TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNlt\. 
Class IV. 
iflava 
VI dlbo-margindta 
^ aUreo-margindta 
I medio-picta 
1822 chinensis B. M. 
1823 laxiflora Ph. 
1824 opaca W. 
1825 crocea W. 
1826 Perado W. 
1827 Prino'ides W. 
1828 Cass'ine Ph. 
1829 Dahoon Ph. 
1830 augustifolia W. en. 
1831 vomitoria W. 
1832 canadensis Ph. 
316. COLDE'NIA. W. 
1833 proc6mbens W. 
317. POTAMOGE^TON. 
1834natans W. 
1835 fl6itans W. 
1836 heterophyllum W. 
18,'37 perfoliatum W. 
1838 den'sum. W. 
18391ucens W. 
1840cr'ispum W. 
1841 compressum W. 
1842 pectinatum W. 
1843 lanceolatum E. B. 
1844 gramineum W. 
1845Dusmum W. 
1846 setaceum W. 
318. RU'PPIA. W. 
1847 maritima W. 
319. SAGI'NA. W. 
1848 procum'bens PT. 
1849 cerasto'ides W. 
1 UJ 
yellow-berried 
silver-edged 
gold-edged 
painted 
Chinese 
loose-flowered 
Carolina 
African 
thick-leaved 
deciduous 
br.-lv.-Dahoon 5 I 
Dahoon ^ I 
Myrtle-leaved iSs | 
South Sea Tea ± | 
Canadian «t 
COLDENIA. 
trailing Jc. O 
W. PoND-WEED. 
broad-leaved 
long-leaved 
various-leaved 
perfoliate 
close-leaved 
shining 
curled 
flat-stalked 
fennel-leaved 
spear-leaved 
grass-leaved 
small 
bristle-leaved 
RUPPIA. 
sea 
or 15 
or 12 
or 12 
or 10 
or 10 
or 20 
or 10 
tm 30 
or 10 
or 2 
or 12 
or 6 
or 10 
or 3 
or 2 
ap.jn W 
ap.jn W 
ap.jn W 
ap.jn W 
jl W 
ap.jn W 
my.jn W 
ap.my Pk 
jl W 
au W 
my.jn W 
uy.jn W 
ap.my W 
BoraginecB. 
jl.au W 
Alismacece. 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
China 
Carolina 
1814. 
1811. 
Carolina 1744. 
1794. 
1760. 
^ A 
^ A 
^ A 
^ A 
^ A 
^ A 
± A 
^ A 
A 
A 
A 
A 
A 
au 
jl.au 
jl.au 
jl.au 
my.jl G 
cu 
cu 
^ A cu 
cu 
cu 
Pearlwort 
procumbent 
tetrandrous 
A cu 
O w 
O w 
jn.jl 
jn.jl 
jnjl 
jn.jl 
jl.au 
jLau 
jl.au 
jl.au 
Fluviales. 
jl G 
C. G. H, 
Madeira 
N. Amer. 1760. 
Carolina 1726. 
Carolina 1726. 
Carolina 1806. 
Florida 1700. 
N. Amer. 1802. 
Sp. 1—2. 
E. Indies 1699. 
Sp. 13—44. 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
England 
Britain 
Britain 
Britain 
Ip.l. 
Britain s. w. d. 
Bot. mag. 2043 
Lam. ill. t. 89 
Meerb.ic.2. t.5 
Meerb.ic.2. t. 6 
Cat. car. 1. 1. 31 
Cat. car. 2. t. 57 
Mich. am. 2. t.49 
S CO Lam. ill. t. \ 
nv. 
dit. 
dit. 
riv. 
dit. 
dit. 
rivul. 
rivul. 
dit. 
w.lak. 
dit. 
dit. 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
Eng. bot. 1822 
Eng. bot. 1286 
Eng. bot. 1285 
Eng. bot. 168 
Eng. bot. 397 
Eng. bot. 376 
Eng. bot. 1012 
Eng. bot. 418 
Eng. bot. 323 
Eng. boL 1985 
Eng. bot. 2253 
Eng. bot. 215 
S s.l Eng. bot. 136 
Caryophyllece. Sp. 5 — 7. 
I my.s W Britain rub. S s.l 
I jn.jl W Britain seash. S co 
1824 
Eng. bot. 880 
Eng. bot. 166 
History, Use., PropagaiioVr, Culture, 
China, &c. In Britain, it is found congregated in natural woods and forests. Some of the finest in Englaod, 
are in Medwood forest, in Staffordshire, and in Scotland, in the woods of Dumbartonshire, about Luss and 
Lochlomond. Professor Martyn's father first discovered the difference of sexes in the holly ; some being male, 
others female, and others hermaphrodite. It is a tree of great longevity, and will grow in any soil not very 
wet, but best in a dry deep loam ; such is the soil of Medwood forest. By culture alone, a hundred varieties 
and subvarieties have been produced, differing in the variegation, margin, and size of the leaves, and in the 
color of the fruit. These make gay and elegant shrubs for lawns and small groups, and form an important 
furniture in the general shrubbery. The common green prickly-leaved holly makes the best of all hedges, 
whether we regard its qualities for defence, shelter, duration, or beauty. It has one fault, it is very slow of 
growth unless carefully cultivated, and for this reason hawthorn is preferred. It was a very general custom 
about the end of the 17th century to divide gardens by hedges of this tree, and to keep them exactly shorn. 
Evelyn's impenetrable hoUy hedge at Deptford has been much celebrated. It was 400 feet long, 9 feet high, 
and 5 feet broad. Gibson, {ArchcBologia Brit, ^c.) who mentions Evelyn's hedge, made a tour of the principal 
gardens near London, and states, as next in grandeur, that of Sir M. Decker at Richmond : of neither does 
there exist a single plant. The largest holly hedge in Scotland is at Tynningham near Dunbar, planted by a 
former earl of Haddington, author of a Treatise on Fruit Trees. It has for many years past been left uncut, and 
now presents a noble phalanx of deep shining green leaves, and numerous spiry tops with spikes of coral berries. 
In cultivating the holly, the kernel or stone of the berries is divested of its skin and glutinous pulp, by mixing 
with sand in heaps in the open garden, and turning over frequently. The berries being gathered in November, 
may be rotted in this way till the October following, and then sown in beds, and covered three quarters of an 
inch with fine mould ; or they may remain on the trees till spring, then gathered and mashed in a tub of 
water to separate the pulp, after which they may be sown. In general, the stones do not vegetate till the 
second year from the gathering ; some will occasionally germinate the first year, and a number not tiU the 
third. In transplanting and pruning the holly, the months of October and April are to be chosen : the oftener 
young plants are removed before planted in the final site the better, as it has naturally but few roots, and those 
chiefly ramose and descending. Miller recommends cutting holly hedges with a knife, as clipping renders them 
unsightly. The variegated and other curious sorts are generally propagated by budding and grafting on the 
common green. Evelyn says he raised some of the variegated sorts by sowing the seeds, and MiUer always 
found the hedgehog variety continue the same when so propagated. Some raise them by layers, and Sweet 
says all of them " will root freely by cuttings taken off at a joint in ripened wood, and planted in sand under a 
hand-glass in a shady situation." 
