Order I. 
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
137 
2180 Radic. leaves sinuated pinnatifid upper stem-clasping, Flowers nearly sess. Cor. netted 
9181 Leaves stalked the lowest rounded entire the rest cordate ovate sinuate toothed, Fl. axill. sess. or stalked 
2182 Cauline leaves stalked cordate sinuate acute, Flowers entire inflated 
2183 Leaves stalked 3-lobed cut-toothed, Flowers stalked, Segm. of cor. equal flat 
2184 Leaves stalked ovate acute angular toothed. Flowers stalked. Three upper segm. of cor. wavy 
2185 Lower leaves cordate ovate angular obtuse, floral ovate entire 
2186 Leaves stalked oblong lane, toothed. Flowers stalked. Calyx teeth mucronate 
2187 Leaves stalked ovate cordate entire, Flowers stalked axillary solitary termmal in umbels, Cal. inflated 
2188 Leaves stalked ovate obi. entire. Flowers axillary stalked nodding. Cor. camp, trunc. {ScopoHna, Schul.) 
2189 Stem simple pubescent, Leaves sessile a decurrent sinuate toothed smoothish. Flowers sessile 
2190 Leaves stem-clasping angular, radical angular toothed. Flowers sessile 1-colored 
2191 Leaves stalked ovate acute angular, Cal. pointless, Bractes undivided 
2192 Leaves deltoid ovate repand, Cal. of fruit tumid. Stamens exserted 
2193 Leaves sessile obi. lane, acumin. the lower decurr. Mouth of cor. inflated, Segm. acuminate 
2194 Leaves stem-clasping ovate acute auricled at base. Mouth of cor. inflated, Segm. short acuminate 
2195 Stem shrubby simple, Lvs. stalked lane, obliquely acuminate, Coroll. inflated at mouth, Segm. acumin. 
2196 Stem nearly sim. Lvs. somew. stlkd. ov. lane, wavy. Tube of cor. cyl. much longer than cal. Seg. uneq. round 
2197 Stem rounded. Leaves stalked ovate entire. Tube of cor. cylind. longer than cal. Segment rounded obtuse 
2198 Stem nearly sim. Lvs. stlkd. ov. subcord. entire. Tube of cor. clav. very sm. much longer than cal. Seg. obt. 
2199 Leaves stalked cordate entire, Fl. racemose 1-sided, Cal. 2-lipp. upper lip longest. Cor. ringent, Segm. acute 
2200 Leaves sessile lower obovate spatulate obtuse upper | stem-clasping wavy, Tube of cor. very long clavate 
2201 Stem dichot. Lvs. sess. radic. obi. oval. Cal. very short. Tube of cor. cyl. thrice as long as cal. Segm. acute 
2202 Stem herbac. branching, Lvs. stalked obi. Tube of cor. twice as long as cal. Segm. obt. Caps. 4-valv. round 
2203 Leaves lanceolate hairy, radical longer than the solitary flowers, Petals obtuse 
2204 Lower leaves ovate obtuse stalked upper sessile decurrent. Tube of cor. clavate long. Limb obtuse 
2205 Stem branc. at base, Lvs. stlkd. all cord. ent. Tube of cor. clav. pub. much long, than cal. Seg. very sh. acute 
2206 Leaves stem-clasping cord. spat, roundish repand. Tube of cor. slender very long, Segm. ovate acute plic. 
and hot countries. The sort preferred is the N. tabacum, which is an elegant plant, grown also in gardens as 
a border flower. N. rustica, fausse tabac, Fr., Bauern taback, Ger., and Tabacca cimarosa. Span., is also fre- 
quently cultivated, especially in Europe, it being considered hardier than the Virginian sort. Parkinson says, 
he has known Sir Walter Raleigh, when prisoner in the Tower, prefer it to make good tobacco, " which he 
knew so rightly to cure." Tobacco has been successfully cultivated and cured in this country, but its growth 
is prohibited to encourage our commerce with America. It is now only grown for curiosity as a border flower, 
or by gardeners for the destruction of insects. In Germany and other northern countries, most families who 
have gardens grow enough of N. rustica for their own use ; but as they do not know how to cure it, it is not 
much valued, and is never made into chewing tobacco or snufE 
In the culture of Tobacco in America, the plants are raised on beds early in spring, and when they have 
acquired four leaves, they are planted in the fields in well prepared earth, about three feet distance every way. 
Every morning and evening the plants require to be looked over, in order to destroy a worm which sometimes 
invades the bud. When four or five inches high they are moulded up. As soon as they have eight or nine 
leaves, and are ready to put forth a stalk, the top is nipped off", in order to make the leaves longer and thicker, 
by diverting all the energies of the plant to them. After this, the buds which sprout from the joints of the 
leaves are all plucked, and not a day is suffered to pass without examining the leaves, to destroy a large cater- 
pMlar, which is sometimes very destructive to them. When they are fit for cutting, which is known by the 
brittleness of the leaves, they are cut with a knife close to the ground, and, after lying some time, are carried 
to the drying shed, where the plants are hung up by pairs upon lines, having a space between, that they may 
not touch one another. In this state they remain to sweat and dry. When perfectly dry, the leaves are stript 
from the stalks and made into small bundles tied with one of the leaves. These bundles are laid in heaps, 
and covered with blankets. Care is taken not to over-heat them, for which reason the heaps are laid open to 
the air from time to time, and spread abroad. This operation is repeated till no more heat is perceived in the 
heaps, and the tobacco is then stowed in casks for exportation. {Long. Jam. iii, 719.) 
In the manufacture of tobacco, the leaves are first cleansed of any earth, dirt, or decayed parts; next, they 
are gently moistened with salt and water, or water in which salt along with other ingredients has been dis- 
solved, according to the taste of the fabricator. This liquor is called tobacco sauce. The next operation is to 
remove the midrib of the leaf ; then the leaves are mixed together, in order to render the quality of whatever 
may be the final application equal : next, they are cut into pieces with a fixed knife, and crisped or curled 
before a fire ; the succeeding operation is to spin them into cords, or twist them into rolls by winding them 
with a kind of mill round a stick. These operations are all performed by the grower, and in this state (rolls) 
the article is sent from America to other countries, where the tobacconists cut it into chaff-like shreds for 
smoking, by a machine like a straw-cutter ; form it into small cords for chewing ; or dry and grind it for 
snuff. In manufacturing snuff, various matters are added for giving it an agreeable scent, and hence the 
numerous varieties of snuffs. The three principal sorts are called Rappees, Scotch or Spanish, and Thirds. 
The first is only granulated, the second is reduced to a very fine powder, and the third is the siftings of the 
second sort. The best Havannah segars are made from the leaves of N. repanda. The Indians of the Rocky 
Mountains of N. America prepare their tobacco from N. quadrivalvis and N. nana. 
' 2198 ml 2202 
and Miscellaneous Particulars. 
